End of Days: 9/11 and the War on Faith
Contents:
In contrast, some on the left have said for too long that religious values should play no role in addressing public needs […]. And when they have worked out a partnership with government, they have created programs and organizations that have woven a resilient web of life support under the most helpless among us. Upon entering office in January , he faced a no-honeymoon Congress. Many Democrats, even centrists, were in full partisan attack mode.
They did, but at a price. Furthermore, they demanded that Bush provide the administrators of faith-based organizations with the absolute right to employ only persons of the same religious beliefs and tenets as the administrator in federally funded social service programs. Dilulio and his Faith-Based Office soon found himself in a messy battle with Republican staff from the House of Representatives. By March , these Hill-led antics had largely eclipsed the original bipartisan plan 18 described above. As a result, by mid-July l, the beliefs-and-tenets language had been dropped from the bill and subsequent efforts to reintroduce it were blocked.
All the same, after such a battle that Dilulio qualified as surreal the final draft bill, HR 7, the Community Solutions Act of , presented numerous problems for both Democratic and Republican charitable choice-minded religious pluralists and pragmatists, including Dilulio. It was also clear that the bill would have great difficulty getting through the Senate which had, since the spring of , a Democratic majority.
Such were the partisan forces as they were pitted one against the other in the summer of and the expansion of charitable choice through an act of legislation had little chance of ever going anywhere. Therefore, the return of Congress in September represented a crucial moment in determining what the future would hold for a policy of critical importance to American governance.
It was a period when any kind of success in Congress demanded the utmost attention, time, precision, administrative flair and political clout that the Bush administration could muster. It seemed to have disappeared from the news and from the list of things to do for both supporter and opponent alike. The most notable is the movement rightward as the administration rode on the wave of support that Bush initially enjoyed as a war president and the consequent consolidation of his power. In every instance where my administration sees a responsibility to help people, we will look first to faith-based organizations, charities, and community groups that have shown their ability to save and change lives.
Sometimes the armies of compassion are outnumbered and outflanked and outgunned. We will keep a commitment to pluralism, not discriminating for or against Methodists or Mormons or Muslims, or good people of no faith at all. Government cannot be replaced by charities, but it must welcome them as partners, not resent them as rivals. And government should not fund religious activities. It is true that his departure was programmed, as he had agreed to become the Faith Tsar only on the condition that he be able to leave after six months Dilulio did not seek the position and agreed to serve only because of his dedication to the issue.
It is also true that he actually stayed two more months than was planned. The fact remains, though, that just as he had cleaned out his office and was saying his goodbyes, the attacks on the World Trade Center took place. To a certain extent, the departure of Dilulio, carried out in such a programmed way, incited by its very nature little or no comment and seems to obscure the integral role he might have played.
A Pastoral Message: Living With Faith and Hope After September 11
Though in my discussion with Dilulio, he seemed oblivious to this role, there are reasons for making a case concerning its possibility. Foremost among them is that Dilulio is a man Bush liked, respected and could talk straight with. In certain key ways, they were of the same ilk. Bush is of course known for his homey, sincere and direct way of speaking his mind. Furthermore, the story of his stint as director is one of a man standing his ground not only against immense pressures from Congress, but also from the likes of Karl Rove, Andy Card, Jim Bridgeland, and even the president himself.
Even West Wing colleagues with whom I had frequently disagreed wrote or spoke many kind words, both in private and in public. Karl Rove was no exception. There was between us, then and thereafter including after my much-publicized criticisms that centered on his dominant West Wing role , no personal animosity but only the deep policy disagreements to be expected between a Philly-bred, self-styled New Democrat public intellectual on a civic-religious mission and the most capable Republican national political operative in a hundred years.
The authors could not have known to what degree there would be a culture war or the degree to which the Bush administration would be identified with a polarized nation of blue and red states.
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We are first confronted with a scenario which enables us to conjecture on how the dismal performance on most fronts of the faith-based initiative under Bush might have been otherwise. Carlson-Thies, Stanley and Donaldson, Dave.
University of Chicago Press, Farnsley II, Arthur E. The federal government was attempting to encourage and support the participation of faith-based organizations in fighting crime, drug addiction, and poverty, while also strengthening families and neighborhoods. A second charitable choice provision was added to the Community Services block grant program when it was reauthorized in In , a third charitable choice provision was added to the Substance Abuse Prevention and Treatment block grant, and a fourth one was added to the Projects for Assistance in Transition from Hopelessness program.
Religious Landscape Survey demonstrates conducted from May 8 to August 13, , the United States remains a widely devout, religiously diverse, and religiously tolerant nation: The study is based on telephone interviews with over 35, Americans. Gore reflected the political tendencies of the judges: In a 'Letter to American People' written by Osama bin Laden in , he stated that one of the reasons he was fighting America is because of its support of India on the Kashmir issue.
Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld suggested that Al-Qaeda was active in Kashmir, though he did not have any hard evidence. Fazlur Rehman Khalil, the leader of the Harkat-ul-Mujahideen, signed al-Qaeda's declaration of holy war, which called on Muslims to attack all Americans and their allies. Defense Secretary Robert Gates stated that Al-Qaeda was seeking to destabilize the region and planning to provoke a nuclear war between India and Pakistan. In September , a U. In October , the U. The troops' primary missions will revolve around providing intelligence support to local forces as well as conducting reconnaissance flights.
The invasion of Afghanistan is seen to have been the first action of this war, and initially involved forces from the United States, the United Kingdom, and the Afghan Northern Alliance. Since the initial invasion period, these forces were augmented by troops and aircraft from Australia, Canada, Denmark, France, Italy, Netherlands, New Zealand and Norway amongst others.
In , there were about 33, troops in Afghanistan. In the following months, NATO took a broad range of measures to respond to the threat of terrorism. Support for the U. Even so, many of the "coalition of the willing" countries that unconditionally supported the U. Whereas countries like Pakistan have suffered hundreds of attacks killing tens of thousands and displacing much more.
Various government bureaucracies that handled security and military functions were reorganized. A new cabinet-level agency called the United States Department of Homeland Security was created in November to lead and coordinate the largest reorganization of the U. The USA PATRIOT Act of October dramatically reduces restrictions on law enforcement agencies' ability to search telephone, e-mail communications, medical, financial, and other records; eases restrictions on foreign intelligence gathering within the United States; expands the Secretary of the Treasury 's authority to regulate financial transactions, particularly those involving foreign individuals and entities; and broadens the discretion of law enforcement and immigration authorities in detaining and deporting immigrants suspected of terrorism-related acts.
The act also expanded the definition of terrorism to include domestic terrorism, thus enlarging the number of activities to which the USA PATRIOT Act's expanded law enforcement powers could be applied. A new Terrorist Finance Tracking Program monitored the movements of terrorists' financial resources discontinued after being revealed by The New York Times. Global telecommunication usage, including those with no links to terrorism, [] is being collected and monitored through the NSA electronic surveillance program.
The Patriot Act is still in effect. Political interest groups have stated that these laws remove important restrictions on governmental authority, and are a dangerous encroachment on civil liberties, possible unconstitutional violations of the Fourth Amendment. On 30 July , the American Civil Liberties Union ACLU filed the first legal challenge against Section of the Patriot Act, claiming that it allows the FBI to violate a citizen's First Amendment rights, Fourth Amendment rights, and right to due process , by granting the government the right to search a person's business, bookstore, and library records in a terrorist investigation, without disclosing to the individual that records were being searched.
This program, facing criticism, has since been defunded by Congress. By , 12 major conventions and protocols were designed to combat terrorism. These were adopted and ratified by many states. These conventions require states to co-operate on principal issues regarding unlawful seizure of aircraft, the physical protection of nuclear materials, and the freezing of assets of militant networks.
In , the UN Security Council adopted Resolution concerning incitement to commit acts of terrorism and the obligations of countries to comply with international human rights laws. Senate, [] by a vote of 60—38, on 13 March and it was signed into law on 3 August by President Bush. It became Public Law In July , U. Senate passed a resolution urging that the Haqqani Network be designated a foreign terrorist organization.
For example, vigilant passengers aboard a transatlantic flight prevented Richard Reid , in , and Umar Farouk Abdulmutallab , in , from detonating an explosive device. Other terrorist plots have been stopped by federal agencies using new legal powers and investigative tools, sometimes in cooperation with foreign governments. The Obama administration has promised the closing of the Guantanamo Bay detention camp , increased the number of troops in Afghanistan , and promised the withdrawal of its forces from Iraq.
According to Joshua Goldstein, an international relations professor at the American University , The Global War on Terror has seen fewer war deaths than any other decade in the past century. There is no widely agreed on figure for the number of people that have been killed so far in the War on Terror as it has been defined by the Bush Administration to include the war in Afghanistan, the war in Iraq, and operations elsewhere. Total American casualties from the War on Terror this includes fighting throughout the world: On December 7, , the Washington Post reported that since , in five theaters of the war Afghanistan, Iraq, Yemen, Syria and Somalia that the total number of terrorists killed ranges from 65, to 88,, with the Obama administration being responsible for between 30, and 33, According to the Soufan Group in July , the U.
Criticism of the War on Terror addressed the issues, morality, efficiency, economics, and other questions surrounding the War on Terror and made against the phrase itself, calling it a misnomer. It is argued that the term war is not appropriate in this context as in War on Drugs since there is no identifiable enemy and that it is unlikely international terrorism can be brought to an end by military means. Other critics, such as Francis Fukuyama , note that " terrorism " is not an enemy, but a tactic; calling it a "war on terror", obscures differences between conflicts such as anti-occupation insurgents and international mujahideen.
With a military presence in Iraq and Afghanistan and its associated collateral damage, Shirley Williams maintains this increases resentment and terrorist threats against the West. In the s, China has also been engaged in its own War on Terror, predominantly a domestic campaign in response to violent actions by Uighur separatist movements in the Xinjiang conflict. Russia has also been engaged on its own, also largely internally focused, counter-terrorism campaign often termed a war on terror, during the Second Chechen War , the Insurgency in the North Caucasus , and the Russian military intervention in the Syrian Civil War.
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. This is the latest accepted revision , reviewed on 17 September This article is about the international military campaign.
For other uses, see War on Terror disambiguation. International military campaign that started after 11 September Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant. East Turkestan Islamic Movement. This section needs to be updated. Please update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.
Terrorism and List of terrorist incidents. Other allies involved in major operations. War in Afghanistan — War in Afghanistan —present and List of military operations in the war in Afghanistan — International Security Assistance Force. Iraq War and the War on Terror. Pakistan's role in the War on Terror. Operation Enduring Freedom — Trans Sahara. Operation Enduring Freedom — Horn of Africa. Operation Enduring Freedom — Philippines. Al-Qaeda insurgency in Yemen and Drone strikes in Yemen. List of terrorist incidents in Saudi Arabia. Coalition combat operations in Afghanistan in and Afghan War order of battle Detentions following the September 11 attacks and Aftermath of the September 11 attacks.
Casualties of the Iraq War. Civilian casualties of the War in Afghanistan —present. Drone attacks in Pakistan and Terrorism in Pakistan. This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources.
Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. August Learn how and when to remove this template message. Criticism of the War on Terror. Islam portal Terrorism portal War portal Government of the United States portal s portal s portal.
Cultural influence of the September 11 attacks
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Derniers numéros
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