The Mis-education of the Bantu: The Psychohistorical Evolution and Perpetuation of White Supremacy i

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Leave us some comments about your search; your comments can help make our site better for everyone. Search results of 28 results for Books: Low to High Price: High to Low Avg. Customer Review Publication Date. Includes Import Fees Deposit. Subscribers read for free. The Economic Enslavement of African-Americans: On Becoming a God: How to Talk to Human Beings: The Monsters We Make: Why Black Men Don t Teach: The Mis-education of the Bantu: We Ain t Got No Daddy: Previous Page 1 2 Next Page.

Once in America, Africans began a long struggle for freedom which still continues. Slavery, the Civil War, emancipation, and the…. Trypanosomiasis remains one of the most serious constraints to economic development in sub-Saharan Africa and, as a consequence, related research has been subject to strong social and political as well as scientific influences.

The epidemics of sleeping sickness that occurred at the turn of the 20th Century focussed research efforts on what became known as 'the colonial disease'. This focus is thought to have produced 'vertical' health services aimed at this one disease, while neglecting other important health issues.

Given the scale of these epidemics, and the fact that the disease is fatal if left untreated, it is unsurprising that sleeping sickness dominated colonial medicine. Indeed, recent evidence indicates that, if anything, the colonial authorities greatly under-estimated the mortality attributable to sleeping sickness. Differences in approach to disease control between Francophone and Anglophone Africa, which in the past have been considered ideological, on examination prove to be logical, reflecting the underlying epidemiological divergence of East and West Africa.

These epidemiological differences are ancient in origin, pre-dating the colonial period, and continue to the present day. Recent research has produced control solutions, for the African trypanosomiases of humans and livestock, that are effective, affordable and sustainable by small-holder farmers. Whether these simple solutions are allowed to fulfil their promise and become fully integrated into agricultural practice remains to be seen. After more than years of effort, trypanosomiasis control remains a controversial topic, subject to the tides of fashion and politics.

Liberalism and African Culture. Discusses the effect of liberalism on the African understanding of education, community, and religion. Describes ways in which the European intrusion, that is, colonial governments, schools, and churches, undermined traditional African life and thought. From student and faculty exchanges to joint research projects, U. It's unclear how many U. The African Studies Association, an organization of scholars, doesn't keep that kind….

African Music in the Americas. Discusses African music, how it survived slavery, why it manifests itself in specific forms, why some of these forms are almost purely African today while others are very European, the specific characteristics of African music that permeate all African -American music, and why African derived religions are flourishing in the black communities of….

Murray, Tanda; Beaty, Terri H. Admixture is a potential source of confounding in genetic association studies, so it becomes important to detect and estimate admixture in a sample of unrelated individuals. Populations of African descent in the US and the Caribbean share similar historical backgrounds but the distributions of African admixture may differ. This analysis showed AAs on average were A principal components analysis based on these AIMs yielded one primary eigenvector that explained This principal component was highly correlated with African vs.

Mental Health and African Americans. The death rate from suicide for African American men was more than four This collection for children tells the stories of 16 African Americans who helped make America what it is today. African Americans can take pride in the heritage of these contributors to society.

Biographies are given for the following: Understanding African American Males. The purpose of this study was to assess the socialization skills, self-esteem, and academic readiness of African American males in a school environment. Discussions with students and the School Perceptions Questionnaire provided data for this investigation.

The intended targets for this investigation were African American students; however, there…. Of these, 1, The suicide rate for females was 1. Africans Away from Home. Africans who were brought across the Atlantic as slaves never fully adjusted to slavery or accepted its inevitability. Resistance began on board the slave ships, where many jumped overboard or committed suicide.

African slaves in South America led the first revolts against tyranny in the New World. The first slave revolt in the Caribbean occurred…. Educating African American Males. Schools across America spend money, invest in programs, and sponsor workshops, offer teacher incentives, raise accountability standards, and even evoke the name of Obama in efforts to raise the academic achievement of African American males. Incarceration and college retention rates point to a dismal plight for many African American….

Keeping African Masks Real. Art is a good place to learn about our multicultural planet, and African masks are prized throughout the world as powerfully expressive artistic images. Unfortunately, multicultural education, especially for young children, can perpetuate stereotypes. Masks taken out of context lose their meaning and the term " African masks" suggests that there is…. African bees to control African elephants. Numbers of elephants have declined in Africa and Asia over the past 30 years while numbers of humans have increased, both substantially. Friction between these two keystone species is reaching levels which are worryingly high from an ecological as well as a political viewpoint.

Ways and means must be found to keep the two apart, at least in areas sensitive to each species' survival. The aggressive African bee might be one such method. Here we demonstrate that African bees deter elephants from damaging the vegetation and trees which house their hives. We argue that bees can be employed profitably to protect not only selected trees, but also selected areas, from elephant damage. Surveyed people of African descent regarding relationships among African , African -American, and African -Caribbean persons, focusing on contact and friendship, travel to countries of the diaspora, cross-cultural communication, thoughts and stereotypes, and education.

Most respondents had contacts with the other groups, but groups had preconceived…. Geoconservation - a southern African and African perspective. In contrast to Europe, where geoconservation is actively pursued in most countries and where two international symposia on this subject have been staged in and , geoconservation in Africa has indeed a very poor record. Considering the wealth of outstanding geological sites and the importance African stratigraphy has within the global geological record, pro-active geoconservation on this continent has not featured very prominently to date.

In the interest of science, education and tourism, unique and typical geosites need to be identified, catalogued, and prioritised with the aim being their protection.

Most African countries do not have vibrant non-governmental organisations such as a strong geological society, which could drive projects like geoconservation, or strong support from the private sector for environmental work. Here, a case is made for the role that established National Geological Surveys, some of which are already involved with retroactive environmental geological work, could play in the forefront of pro-active geoconservation and site protection.

Gout in African Americans. African Americans have a substantially higher prevalence of risk factors for gout than Caucasians.

The aim of the present study was to compare the risk for incident gout among African Americans and Caucasians. Incidence rates of physician-diagnosed gout among 11, Caucasian men and African American men aged 35 to 57 years and at high cardiovascular risk, observed for 7 years as a part of the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial, were analyzed.

Cox regression models were used to account for potential confounding by age, body mass index, diuretic use, hypertension and diabetes status, aspirin and alcohol consumption, and kidney disease. Incidence of gout increased with increasing prevalence of risk factors in both Caucasians and African Americans. Ethnic disparities in incidence rates were most apparent among those without other risk factors for gout. In separate Cox regression models, after accounting for risk factors, African American ethnicity was associated with a hazard ratio of 0.

Significant interactions were observed; the association was the strongest hazard ratio 0. These associations were unaffected by addition of serum urate as a covariate or by using alternate case definitions for gout. After accounting for the higher prevalence of risk factors, African American ethnicity is associated with a significantly lower risk for gout and hyperuricemia compared with Caucasian ethnicity. Narcolepsy in African Americans. Although narcolepsy affects 0. Our goal was to study phenotypic expression across ethnicities in the United States.

Cases of narcolepsy from to were identified from searches of the Stanford Center for Narcolepsy Research database. International Classification of Sleep Disorders, Third Edition diagnosis criteria for type 1 and type 2 narcolepsy were used for inclusion, but subjects were separated as with and without cataplexy for the purpose of data presentation. Epworth Sleepiness Scale ESS score was higher and age of onset of sleepiness earlier in African Americans compared with other ethnicities.

In African Americans, more subjects without cataplexy have type 1 narcolepsy. African -Americans and Alzheimer's. African -Americans are at a higher risk for Alzheimer's disease. Many Americans dismiss the warning signs of The Struggles over African Languages. In this interview, African Language expert Pam Maseko speaks of her own background and her first encounter with culture outside of her mother tongue, isiXhosa. A statistical breakdown of South African languages is provided as background. She discusses Western originally missionary codification of African languages and suggests that this approach….

Psychological Misdiagnosis of African Americans. Reviews historical and current problems with making accurate psychological diagnoses of African Americans. Suggests that misdiagnosis is strongly related to pathologization of African -American culture itself. Explores diagnostic process, stereotypes of African -American psychopathology, cultural differences in values and life stressors, and….

Development Priorities for African Universities. African knowledge remains at best on the margins, struggling for an epistemological foothold in the face of an ever dominant Western canon. At worst, African knowledge is disparaged, depreciated, and dismissed. It is often ignored even by African scholars who, having gained control of the academy in the postcolonial context, seemingly remain….

Teaching African -American Children. Examines the historical blighting of African -American slaves' minds, which stripped them of their African culture. Examines the effect on African -American children, as well as other children of color. Offers suggestions for coping with the problems of modern schools in terms of respecting and teaching these children that the system is the problem,….

Africa is the source of all modern humans, but characterization of genetic variation and of relationships among populations across the continent has been enigmatic. We observed high levels of mixed ancestry in most populations, reflecting historical migration events across the continent.

Our data also provide evidence for shared ancestry among geographically diverse hunter-gatherer populations Khoesan speakers and Pygmies. This study helps tease apart the complex evolutionary history of Africans and African Americans, aiding both anthropological and genetic epidemiologic studies. The make-up of a course in African literature for high school students is discussed. It is pointed out that the course can be constructed on already familiar lines. High school students will be able to describe clearly, for example, the relationship between environment and character or the dilemma of characters caught between traditional values….

This bibliography of resources for the teaching of African literature includes over citations of books, textbooks, anthologies, plays, novels, short stories, and periodicals in French and English. Publishing house addresses, audiovisual aids, professional organizations, and a course list are also cited.

The books are listed under the following…. African Oral Tradition Literacy. Presents the basic principles of two systems for notating African music and dance: Labanotation created to record and analyze movements and Greenotation created to notate musical instruments of Africa and to parallel Labanotation whereby both music and dance are incorporated into one integrated score. There have been a number of prior, large scale surface wave studies of Africa, the majority of which rely on fundamental mode observations. In this study we use a large data set of multi-mode surface waves recorded over epicentral distances most of which are shorter than km, to investigate the Sv wave speed heterogeneity of the upper mantle beneath Africa.

The inclusion of the higher mode data allow us to build an upper mantle model for the African plate with a horizontal resolution of a few hundred kilometers and a vertical resolution of a few tens of kilometers extending to about km depth. Our tomographic images of the upper mantle beneath Africa displays significant shear velocity features, much of which correlate with surface geology. High velocity mantle persists beneath the West African and Congo cratons to km depth, but the high velocity root beneath Kalahari Craton extends to only about km depth.

Low velocity upper mantle underlies the Pan- African terranes of Africa with the exception of the Damara mobile belt separating the Congo and Kalahari Cratons. The Damara mobile belt is underlain by a thick high velocity upper mantle lid which is indistinguishable from that beneath the Congo Craton to the north and the Kalahari Craton to the south. Low velocity upper mantle underlie the Hoggar, Tebesti and Darfur volcanic areas of northern Africa, and very low velocities underlie the Afar region to at least km depth.

Two types of lithosphere underlie Africa. Thick lithosphere underlies most of western Africa and all of southern Africa; in the latter the extent of the thick lithosphere is significantly different from the distribution of Archean crust mapped at the surface. Thick lithosphere forms one continuous structure beneath the Congo and Kalahari Cratons. Other than the Pan- African Damara. Background Asthma is a common complex condition with clear racial and ethnic differences in both prevalence and severity.

Asthma consultation rates, mortality, and severe symptoms are greatly increased in African descent populations of developed countries. African ancestry has been associated with asthma, total serum IgE and lower pulmonary function in African -admixed populations.

To replicate previous findings, here we aimed to examine whether African ancestry was associated with asthma susceptibility in African Americans. In addition, we examined for the first time whether African ancestry was associated with asthma exacerbations. Among case-control samples, the mean African ancestry was significantly higher in asthmatics than in non-asthmatics African American and Black Caribbean relations dominate research on interactions across black ethnic divides. Using National Survey of American Life data, we explore a different aspect of black interethnic attitudes: African Americans and Black Caribbeans were largely similar in their feelings of closeness to Africans.

For Black Caribbeans, younger and male respondents, those reporting higher levels of financial strain, living in the northeast and persons who immigrated to the United States at least 11 years ago, report feeling especially close to Africans. Being male was the only significant correlate among African Americans. The findings are discussed in relation to how race, ethnicity and national origin shape personal identities within the U.

These broader issues warrant further consideration in light of assertions that race as a defining feature of American life and intergroup relations is obsolete. Understanding traditional African healing. Some people seem to believe that traditional healers worship the ancestors and not God. It is therefore the aim of this paper to clarify this relationship by discussing a chain of communication between the worshipers and the Almighty God. Other aspects of traditional healing namely types of traditional healers, training of traditional healers as well as the role of traditional healers in their communities are discussed.

In conclusion, the services of traditional healers go far beyond the uses of herbs for physical illnesses. Traditional healers serve many roles which include but not limited to custodians of the traditional African religion and customs, educators about culture, counselors, social workers and psychologists. Seeking an African Einstein. A new postgraduate centre for maths and computer science is set to open in the Nigerian capital of Abuja this month as part of an ambitious plan to find the "next Einstein" in Africa.

The centre will provide advanced training to graduate students from across Africa in maths and related fields. It will seek to attract the best young African scientists and nurture their talents as problem-solvers and teachers. Diversity among African Pygmies. Although dissimilarities in cranial and post-cranial morphology among African pygmies groups have been recognized, comparative studies on skull morphology usually pull all pygmies together assuming that morphological characters are similar among them and different with respect to other populations.

The main aim of this study is to compare cranial morphology between African pygmies and non-pygmies populations from Equatorial Africa derived from both the Eastern and the Western regions in order to test if the greatest morphological difference is obtained in the comparison between pygmies and non-pygmies. Thirty three-dimensional 3D landmarks registered with Microscribe in four cranial samples Western and Eastern pygmies and non-pygmies were obtained.

Results suggest that important cranial shape differentiation does occur between pygmies and non-pygmies but also between Eastern and Western populations and that size changes and allometries do not affect similarly Eastern and Western pygmies. Therefore, our findings raise serious doubt about the fact to consider African pygmies as a homogenous group in studies on skull morphology.

Differences in cranial morphology among pygmies would suggest differentiation after divergence. Although not directly related to skull differentiation, the diversity among pygmies would probably suggest that the process responsible for reduced stature occurred after the split of the ancestors of modern Eastern and Western pygmies. Diversity among African pygmies. East African Rift Valley, Kenya.

Dark green patches of forests are seen along the rift margin and tea plantations occupy the cooler higher ground. A Teacher's Guide to African Narratives. Studies in African Literature. This guide is designed to help secondary school teachers include African literature in their classes. It furnishes English and social studies teachers with a foundation for teaching African literature by offering critical commentary on the texts themselves. A synthesis of anthropological and historical material is presented to help both teachers…. African -American Sacred Music.

The history of African -American sacred music is traced from the time of slavery to the present interest in gospel music. The religious music of African Americans is geared toward liberation themes. It is important that this music does not dilute its power through cross-over with other music forms. Africanisms in Gullah Oral Tradition.

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The Sea Islands off the coast of South Carolina, Georgia, and Northern Florida retain almost every element of African culture, including language, oral tradition, folklore, and aesthetics. Examines the African influence in the lifestyle of the Gullah people of the Sea Islands, especially in terms of their concept of time.

Elder Abuse among African Americans. African -American respondents emphasized physical abuse when giving examples of extremely abusive behavior. Along with physical abuse, verbal abuse was the most frequently identified form of abuse, and was significantly…. The African Hospitalist Fellowship. The African Paediatric Fellowship Programme is rolling out a training course for newly qualified paediatricians to equip them with the leadership skills to function in complex general paediatric settings.

The care of children in Africa carries its own unique demands, from the layering effects of multiple conditions through to establishing and sustaining services under severe resource constraints. This novel training concept aims to strengthen confidence and knowledge in areas that are not priorities during standard general paediatric training.

The skills gained are considered of great relevance in assisting general paediatricians to achieve their full potential in their careers. Bioenergy and African transformation. Among the world's continents, Africa has the highest incidence of food insecurity and poverty and the highest rates of population growth. Yet Africa also has the most arable land, the lowest crop yields, and by far the most plentiful land resources relative to energy demand. It is thus of interest to examine the potential of expanded modern bioenergy production in Africa. Here we consider bioenergy as an enabler for development, and provide an overview of modern bioenergy technologies with a comment on application in an Africa context.

Experience with bioenergy in Africa offers evidence of social benefits and also some important lessons. In Brazil, social development, agricultural development and food security, and bioenergy development have been synergistic rather than antagonistic. Realizing similar success in African countries will require clear vision, good governance, and adaptation of technologies, knowledge, and business models to myriad local circumstances.

Strategies for integrated production of food crops, livestock, and bioenergy are potentially attractive and offer an alternative to an agricultural model featuring specialized land use. If done thoughtfully, there is considerable evidence that food security and economic development in Africa can be addressed more effectively with modern bioenergy than without it.

Modern bioenergy can be an agent of African transformation, with potential social benefits accruing to multiple sectors and extending well beyond energy supply per se. Potential negative impacts also cut across sectors. Thus, institutionally inclusive multi-sector legislative structures will be more effective at maximizing the social benefits of bioenergy compared to institutionally exclusive, single-sector structures.

In the developing world astronomy had been treated as the science of elites. As a result of this overwhelming perception, astronomy compared with other applied sciences has got less attention and its role in development has been insignificant. However, the IAU General Assembly decision in opened new opportunity for countries and professionals to deeply look into Astronomy and its role in development.

Then, the subsequent establishment of regional offices in the developing world is helping countries to integrate astronomy with other earth and space based sciences so as to progressively promote its scientific and development importance. Gradually nations have come to know that space is the frontier of tomorrow and the urgency of preeminence on space frontier starts at primary school and ascends to tertiary education.

For this to happen, member nations in east African region have placed STEM education at the center of their education system. For instance, Ethiopian has changed University enrollment strategy to be in favor of science and engineering subjects, i. Such bold actions truly promote astronomy to be conceived as gateway to science and technology.

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To promote the concept of astronomy for development the East African regional office has actually aligned it activities to be in line with the focus areas identified by the IAU strategy to The purpose of this empirical study was to explore the lived experiences of African American retired female teachers who have prior experience with educating urban African American students in public schools.

Also explored are the experiences of active African American female teachers of urban African American students and comparisons are…. Teacher Education from an African American Perspective. This paper focuses on African education and socialization processes and how these have evolved and spread through the African cultural diaspora to other parts of the world, before, during, and after the slave trade and the colonial period. The history of education on the African continent is explored, followed by African American education, and…. Labelling African origin populations in the health arena in the 21st century.

Broad terms such as Black, African , or Black African are entrenched in scientific writings although there is considerable diversity within African descent populations and such terms may be both offensive and inaccurate. This paper outlines the heterogeneity within African populations, and discusses the strengths and limitations of the term Black and related labels from epidemiological and public health perspectives in Europe and the USA.

This paper calls for debate on appropriate terminologies for African descent populations and concludes with the proposals that 1 describing the population under consideration is of paramount importance 2 the word African origin or simply African is an appropriate and necessary prefix for an ethnic label, for example, African Caribbean or African Kenyan or African Surinamese 3 documents should define the ethnic labels 4 the label Black should be phased out except when used in political contexts.

The Central African Republic contains , square miles, which rolling terrain almost feet above sea level. The climate is tropical, and it has a population of 2. The government consists of a president assisted by cabinet ministers and a single party. Natural resources include diamonds, uranium, timber, gold, and oil, and major industries are beverages, textiles, and soap. Agricultural products feature coffee, cotton, peanuts, tobacco, food crops and livestock.

Most of the population live in rural areas and most of the 80 ethnic groups have their own language. The main problems with development are the poor transportation infrastructure, and the weak internal and international marketing systems. The US and various international organizations have aided in agriculture development, health programs, and family planning.

US investment is mainly in diamond and gold mining, and although oil drilling has been successful it is not economically feasible at current prices. Phylogenomics of African guenons. The karyotypes of 28 specimens belonging to 26 species of Cercopithecinae have been compared with each other and with human karyotype by chromosome banding and, for some of them, by Zoo-FISH human painting probes techniques.

The study includes the first description of the karyotypes of four species and a synonym of Cercopithecus nictitans. The chromosomal homologies obtained provide us with new data on a large number of rearrangements. This allows us to code chromosomal characters to draw Cercopithecini phylogenetic trees, which are compared to phylogenetic data based on DNA sequences. The evolution of Cercopithecini karyotypes is mainly due to non-centromeric chromosome fissions and centromeric shifts or inversions.

Non-Robertsonian translocations occurred in C. The position of chromosomal rearrangements in the phylogenetic tree leads us to propose that the Cercopithecini evolution proceeded by either repeated fission events facilitated by peculiar genomic structures or successive reticulate phases, in which heterozygous populations for few rearranged chromosomes were present, allowing the spreading of chromosomal forms in various combinations, before the speciation process.

Places where the earth's crust has formed deep fissures and the plates have begun to move apart develop rift structures in which elongate blocks have subsided relative to the blocks on either side. The East African Rift is a world-famous example of such rifting. It is characterized by 1 topographic deep valleys in the rift zone, 2 sheer escarpments along the faulted walls of the rift zone, 3 a chain of lakes within the rift, most of the lakes highly saline due to evaporation in the hot temperatures characteristic of climates near the equator, 4 voluminous amounts of volcanic rocks that have flowed from faults along the sides of the rift, and 5 volcanic cones where magma flow was most intense.

This example in Kenya displays most of these features near Lake Begoria. The image was acquired December 18, , covers an area of An African ethic for nursing? This article derives from a doctoral thesis in which a particular discourse was used as a 'paradigm case'. From this discourse an ethic set within a South African culture arose.

Dr. John Henrik Clarke - The Psnl. Hst. Of Prof. J.H.Clarke (Like It Is)

Using many cultural 'voices' to aid the understanding of this narrative, the ethic shows that one can build on both a 'justice' and a 'care' ethic. With further development based on African culture one can take the ethic of care deeper and reveal 'layers of understanding'. Care, together with compassion, forms the foundation of morality. Nursing ethics has followed particular western moral philosophers. Often nursing ethics has been taught along the lines of Kohlberg's theory of morality, with its emphasis on rules, rights, duties and general obligations.

These principles were universalistic, masculine and noncontextual. However, there is a new ethical movement among Thomist philosophers along the lines to be expounded in this article. Nurses such as Benner, Bevis, Dunlop, Fry and Gadow--to name but a few--have welcomed the concept of an 'ethic of care'. Gilligan's work gave a feminist view and situated ethics in the everyday aspects of responsiveness, responsibility, context and concern. Shutte's search for a 'philosophy for Africa' has resulted in finding similarities in Setiloane and in Senghor with those of Thomist philosophers.

Using this African philosophy and a research participant's narrative, an African ethic evolves out of the African proverb: It expands upon the above proverb and incorporates the South African constitutional idea of 'Ubuntu' compassion and justice or humanness. African Americans are experiencing extreme stress in the United States, and African -American males appear to suffer the most. The chapters in this volume examine some of the issues confronting African -American men today. African Americans and High Blood Pressure. African Americans in the U. Towards an African Philosophy of Education.

Compares and contrasts contemporary philosophies of education in Africa with two philosophical doctrines naturalism and idealism. Topics discussed include value selectors, westernization, the role of missionaries in African education, critical consciousness, relevance, and African education today. Africa's smallholder agricultural systems face unique challenges in planning for reducing poverty, concurrent with adaptation and mitigation to climate change. At continental level, policy seeks to promote a uniquely African Green Revolution to increase crop yields and food production, and improve local livelihoods.

However, the consequences on the environment and climate are not clear; these pro-economic development measures should be linked to climate change adaptation and mitigation measures, and research is required to help achieve these policy proposals by identifying options, and testing impacts. In particular, increased nitrogen N inputs are essential for increasing food production in Africa, but are accompanied by inevitable increases in losses to the environment.

These losses appear to be low at input levels promoted in agricultural development programs, while the increased N inputs both increase current food production and appear to reduce the vulnerability of food production to changes in climate. We present field and remote sensing evidence from Malawi that subsidizing improved seed and fertilizers increases resilience to drought without adding excess N to the environment. In Kenya, field research identified thresholds in N2O losses, where emissions are very low at fertilization rates of less than kg ha Village-scale models have identified potential inefficiencies in the food production process where the largest losses of reactive N occur, and which could be targeted to reduce the amount of N released to the environment.

We further review some on-going research activities and progress in Africa that compare different methods of managing resources that target resilience in food production and adaptation to climate change, using nutrient N as an indicator, while evaluating the effects of these resource management practices on ecosystems and the environment.

African perceptions of female attractiveness. Little is known about mate choice preferences outside Western, educated, industrialised, rich and democratic societies, even though these Western populations may be particularly unrepresentative of human populations. To our knowledge, this is the first study to test which facial cues contribute to African perceptions of African female attractiveness and also the first study to test the combined role of facial adiposity, skin colour lightness, yellowness and redness , skin homogeneity and youthfulness in the facial attractiveness preferences of any population.

Results show that youthfulness, skin colour, skin homogeneity and facial adiposity significantly and independently predict attractiveness in female African faces. Younger, thinner women with a lighter, yellower skin colour and a more homogenous skin tone are considered more attractive. These findings provide a more global perspective on human mate choice and point to a universal role for these four facial cues in female facial attractiveness. Disparities between Whites and African Americans exist in many areas in U.

These disparities are exacerbated by social ills, including the Persian Gulf conflict. Positive change on the part of African American educators is required to combat these problems. The following four postulates for teaching African American youth are provided: An Introduction to West African Literature. Intended to provide help for those interested in studying West African literature, this book is divided into three parts.

Part One provides background information: African Heritage Curriculum Materials. This guide for secondary teachers focuses on sub-Saharan Black African history and culture. Although the guide is intended to be used in conjunction with the audiovisual materials on African heritage produced by the Museum of African Art, it can also be used as a source of background reading for teachers and as a guide to additional….

The African Union and Conflict Management. Unclassified Africa is a continent with a. The Education of African -Americans. The 17 papers in this volume are products of a study group on the education of African Americans that was part of a national project, "The Assessment of the Status of African -Americans. Understanding the Strengths of African American Families. Focuses on strengths of African -American families and how they function, relevant conceptual approaches, and trends and issues in studying African -American families that can facilitate understanding.

A shift from studying dysfunctional families to more positive aspects can help African -American families meet societal challenges. Adult Education of African Americans. This book contains six chapters by various authors about the history of African Americans' contributions and participation in adult education.

The book reports on how some African American leaders saw the connection between education and the eventual freedom or uplift of the African American people. Following a foreword Phyllis M. African American Teaching and the Matriarchal Performance. This paper discusses the role of matriarchs in African -American culture, explaining that traditionally, African -American matriarchs arise from a combination of African norms and American social positions that naturally forces them to assume leadership conditions.

The roles these women assume are a response to the desire to survive in a society…. African Americans are disproportionately exposed to and targeted by prosmoking advertisements, particularly menthol cigarette ads. Though African Americans begin smoking later than whites, they are less likely to quit smoking than whites. This study was designed to explore African American smoking cessation attitudes,…. African Retentions in Blues and Jazz. The perseverance of African musical characteristics among American Blacks is an historic reality.

African retentions have been recorded in Black music of the antebellum period. Various African scales and rhythms permeate Black American music today as evidenced in the retentions found in blues and jazz. Much has been written concerning the challenges many teachers face in engaging African American males in reading practices.

While much of this extant scholarship focuses on African American males at the pre-adolescent stage of development and beyond, little has been written regarding increasing reading engagement in African American boys in P-5…. America's Closest African Ally. Reviews the country's history and its eruption into civil strife in , showing how tensions have often characterized relationships between Liberians of different ethnic identities.

Future of African Civil Action. The meeting was held at a critical period in the global history of civil aviation when the winds of change and liberalization in African American Men in College. This book is a much-needed resource that includes examples of real-world programs and activities to enhance academic success in the college environment for African American men.

The examples are collected from a variety of institutions across the country. With contributions from leading practitioners and scholars in the field, this book explores…. Wellness among African American Counselors. Although there are various definitions of wellness, few conceptual definitions have addressed the contextual dimensions of wellness relative to African American counselors.

The authors present an overview of generic models of wellness, discuss factors that both inhibit and promote wellness, offer some culture-specific models of wellness, and…. African Peoples and Western Education. Argues that if the educational process is to be functionally relevant for the African peoples, it must be structured so as to maintain a dynamic pattern of continuity with the family and the cultural life patterns of the people.

African -American wildland memories. Collective memory can be used conceptually to examine African -American perceptions of wildlands and black interaction with such places. The middle--American view of wildlands frames these terrains as refuges--pure and simple, sanctified places distinct from the profanity of human modification. However, wild, primitive areas do not exist in the minds of all Americans as Lung cancer disparities and African -Americans. African -Americans, as historically disadvantaged minorities, have more advanced stages of cancer when diagnosed, lower survival rates, and lower rates of accessing timely care than do Caucasians.

Lung cancer incidence and mortality, in particular, are high among African -Americans. Preventive Services Task Force recently released an evidence-based lung cancer screening technology called low-dose computerized tomography. High-risk African -Americans might benefit greatly from such screening but not many are aware of this technology.

Public health nurses can play a key role in increasing awareness of the technology among African -American communities and encouraging qualified African -Americans to obtain screening. This study discusses issues with lung cancer and smoking among African -Americans, a recently released evidence-based lung cancer screening technology, and implications for public health nurses to enhance uptake of the new screening technology among high-risk African -Americans. This study is the first to demonstrate the breadth and patterns of the medicinal applications of African palms.

It sheds light on species with the potential to provide new therapeutic agents for use in biomedicine; and links the gap between traditional use of palms and pharmacological evaluation for the beneficial effects of palm products on human health. Last but not least, the study provides recommendations for the areas that should be targeted in future ethno-botanical surveys. The primary objective of this survey was to assemble all available ethno-medicinal data on African palms, and investigate patterns of palm uses in traditional medicine; and highlight possible under-investigated areas.

Information about ethno-medicinal uses of palms was extracted and digitized in a database. Additionally, we used an African palm distribution database to compute the proportion of palm species that have been used for medicinal purposes in each country. We found medicinal uses mentioned in references. At least 23 different palm species some remained unidentified were used medicinally in 35 out of Africa's 48 countries. The most commonly used species were Elaeis guineensis, Phoenix dactylifera, Cocos nucifera, and Borassus aethiopum. Twenty-four different parts of the palms were used in traditional medicine, with most of the uses related to fruit and palm oil , root, seed and leaf.

Palms were used in traditional medicine mostly without being mixed with other plants, and less commonly in mixtures, sometimes in mixture with. Presents views of Frederick Douglass, W. Discusses the role of African -American men in addressing and eradicating sexism in African -American churches and the African -American community.

African American Male Rites-of-Passage. An overview is provided of issues confronting the African American male, along with a strategy to nurture a new generation of African American males. Chapters 1 and 2 focus on the social status and new demographics of the African American male and the external threats that are devastating to the African American male and the African American….

Enabling African Solutions to African Needs. The initiative is based on four fundamental operating principles, concisely summarized by the overall philosophy of enabling African solutions to African needs. The four principles are: The three pilot activities are listed below.

The output is used by researchers and operational forecasters in Africa. Model output is also part of a demonstration project that aims to allow humanitarian agencies to share geo-referenced information in Africa via a web portal. Our presentation will provide an update of these pilot activities and point to future directions. The Ethiopian-Arabian Large Igneous Province preserves a 45 Ma record of mantle-lithosphere interaction, manifesting as flood basalts, shield volcanoes, silicic eruptions, and monogenetic magmatic events.

During the Cenozoic, magmatism in in this region has resulted from the interplay between lithospheric extension and material upwelling from the African large low-velocity shear velocity province LLSVP. The volumetrically significant flood basalt events of the Eocene to Early Miocene suggest a role for material upwelling from the African LLSVP, however the modern focusing of East African magmatism into oceanic spreading centers and continental rifts also highlights the control of lithospheric thinning in magma generation processes.

The study of the mantle reservoirs derived from the African LLSVP is complicated by the slow relative motion of the African plate during the Cenozoic, resulting in significant spatial overlap in lavas derived from different magmatic events. This complexity is being resolved with enhanced geochronological precision and a focus on the geochemical characteristics of the volcanic products. It is now apparent that there are three distinct pulses of basaltic volcanism, followed by either by bimodal or silicic volcanism, totaling ca. B Oligocene Traps phase from Broadly age equivalent 1 to 2 km thick sequences of dominantly basalt are centered on the NW Ethiopian Plateau and Yemen, but also Turkana during this period.

C Early Miocene resurgence phase from Molecular characterization of African orthobunyaviruses. The genus Orthobunyavirus is composed of segmented, negative-sense RNA viruses that are responsible for mild to severe human diseases. To date, no molecular studies of bunyaviruses in the genus Orthobunyavirus from central Africa have been reported, and their classification relies on serological testing. Four new primer pairs for RT-PCR amplification and sequencing of the complete genomic small S RNA segments of 10 orthobunyaviruses isolated from the Central African Republic and pertaining to five different serogroups have been designed and evaluated.

Phylogenetic analysis showed that these 10 viruses belong to the Bunyamwera serogroup. This study should improve diagnosis and surveillance of African bunyaviruses. Rural African women and development. Standards of living in rural areas are lower than in urban areas. Rural African women's involvement in development is in its initial stages, and social development for women is likely to be slow. Increasing women's opportunities for education is a means of promoting social justice and fairness.

Schools should offer courses of practical value for those not planning on higher education and special programs and career counseling for gifted girls. Women's organizations, African leaders, and other influential parties should aggressively create awareness about the oppressive aspects of traditional attitudes, beliefs, and views about women.

Laws on ownership of property, inheritance, access to credit, and employment must be equitable and enforced. Consciousness-raising among rural women is an effective means of encouraging rural women to seek and assume new roles and for questioning unreasonable expectations and norms. Women's professional associations serve important functions and fulfill the need for role models. The quality of rural women's life is effectively improved through formulation of policies relevant to women's needs and problems and improve rural conditions.

Women should have fair representation at local and national levels of government. Women's role in agriculture is likely to be enhanced through improved transportation systems, electricity supply, and introduction of intermediate technology. This assessment of rural African women's contributions to economic growth emphasizes women's involvement in farming and the informal sector and their lack of equal remuneration or low wages.

Illiteracy places women in a disadvantaged position when competing for employment in the formal sector. Lack of access to credit and limits on credit are other obstacles in the informal sector. The reduced participation of rural women in the formal and informal sector is due to lack of. An Exploration of the Strengths Perspective in Treatment.

With the exception of Hill's , work, historically much of the literature on African American families has focused more on pathology than strengths. This study used interviews with 30 African American psychotherapists, self-identified as employing a strengths perspective with African American families, to investigate which strengths they….

The Master Teacher and His Lessons And Lectures

This quantitative survey questionnaires study compared the teacher-student interactions TSI and academic achievement of African -American and African immigrant undergraduate males. The academic achievement gap between different population groups provided the impetus for the study. While African Americans have been described as under-achievers in….

This qualitative study examined the instructional practices of an experienced African American mathematics teacher to determine his perceived capabilities in augmenting academic proficiency for his African American male students. Provided in this descriptive case study are the lived experiences of an African American male teacher working to move…. History, Adaptation and Health. The trans-Atlantic slave trade brought millions of Africans to the New World.

Advances in genomics are providing novel insights into the history and health of Africans and the diasporan populations. Gentle Africanized bees on an oceanic island. Oceanic islands have reduced resources and natural enemies and potentially affect life history traits of arriving organisms. Among the most spectacular invasions in the Western hemisphere is that of the Africanized honeybee. We hypothesized that in the oceanic island Puerto Rico, Africanized bees will exhibit differences from the mainland population such as for defensiveness and other linked traits.

We evaluated the extent of Africanization through three typical Africanized traits: In two assays evaluating defense, Puerto Rican bees showed low defensiveness similar to European bees. In morphology and resistance to mites, Africanized bees from Puerto Rico are similar to other Africanized bees.

In behavioral assays on mechanisms of resistance to Varroa, we directly observed that Puerto Rican Africanized bees groomed-off and bit the mites as been observed in other studies. In no other location, Africanized bees have reduced defensiveness while retaining typical traits such as wing size and mite resistance. This mosaic of traits that has resulted during the invasion of an oceanic island has implications for behavior, evolution, and agriculture.

Diseases that turn African hair silky.

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