Die Herzsprechstunde: Auf das Herz hören. Stress abbauen. Gesund bleiben (German Edition)

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Dieses Ziel kann durch die abendliche Mitbenutzung von Rechnerraeumen z. Die Krankenakten von konsekutiven Melanom-Patienten wurden retrospektiv ausgewertet, um das Management von Zufallsbefunden zu dokumentieren. Der Schwerpunkt lag dabei auf den histologischen Befunden.

In dieser Studie wurden auf effektive Weise ansonsten nicht erkannte Krebserkrankungen, insbesondere Kolonkarzinome, detektiert.

Potential and possibilities of supplying energy from biomass and biogas; Potentiale und Moeglichkeiten der Energiebereitstellung durch Biomasse und Biogas. Beyond this, biomass is burdened with other drawbacks such as low supply efficiency, limited availability, and weather-dependent reliability. On the other hand, biomass is well suited for conversion to solid, liquid, and gaseous fuels, including inexpensive ones with low energy density solid fuels , mostly used for stationary heating applications, as well as more expensive ones such as liquid fuels with a high energy density for mobile applications in the automotive sector.

Thanks to its capacity to regenerate, biomass is an inexhaustible resource. Moreover, its natural life cycle has a small impact on the environment. Es beduerfen darueber hinaus auch Nachteile, wie geringe Bereitstellungseffizienz, beschraenkte Verfuegbarkeit und witterungsabhaengige Zuverlaessigkeit, der Beachtung. Die Biomasse kann jedoch mit Erfolg in feste, fluessige und gasfoermige Energietraeger konvertiert werden, sowohl in preiswerte mit geringer Energiedichte Festbrennstoffe fuer bevorzugt stationaeren Heizungs-Einsatz als auch. Higher efficiency of steam flooding projects with horizontal production wells; Verbesserung der Effizienz von Dampfflutprojekten durch horizontale Foerderbohrungen.

For 50 years, the Emlichheim oil field has had a production level of about , t. Reinjection of deposit water was started in already in order to maintain the required pressure. Until , all wells were sunk vertically as the loose sandstone was considered unstable. The Emlichheim well was constructed in ; it was the first horizontal well that proved that horizontal drilling is possible in this bedrock material.

The contribution describes the history of this field and the projecting and implementation of a steam flooding project involving horizontal production wells. Nach der Produktionsaufnahme in wurde dieses Niveau erstmals erreicht. Bereits musste zur Druckerhaltung mit der Reinjektion von Lagerstaettenwasser begonnen werden.

Bis wurden alle Bohrungen im Erdoelfeld Emlichheim vertikal abgeteuft. Als groesstes Problem fuer Horizontalbohrungen wurde die Bohrlochstabilitaet in der Bohr- und Komplettierungsphase erachtet, da der Bentheimer Sandstein unverfestigt ist. Mit dem Abteufen der Emlichheim im Jahre wurde der Nachweis erbracht, dass das Bohren und Komplettieren einer ca.

Vorliegende Publikation gibt einen kurzen Einblick in die Geschichte des Feldes, die Planung und Realisierung eines laufenden Dampfflutprojektes unter Einbindung von horizontalen Foerderbohrungen und vergleicht deren Performance mit frueheren Projekten. Zusaetzlich wird auf gewonnene Erkenntnisse durch das Abteufen von Horizontalbohrungen im nicht verfestigten Sandstein eingegangen. Abschliessend soll ein Ausblick auf die weitere Feldentwicklung gegeben werden. Detection of partial discharges in oil transformers with the aid of acoustic emission analysis; Detektion von Teilentladungen in Oeltransformatoren durch die Schallemissionsanalyse.

Since the early eighties, acoustic emission analysis has been used for functional testing of transformers. Partial discharges of pC and above are detected reliably. This integral method provides no information on the operating conditions causing partial discharge and no information on their location. This information gap may be closed by acoustic emission analysis, which will provide the key information required for selective planning of preventive measures.

As a result, e. Hierbei werden Teilentladungen von pC und mehr zuverlaessig detektiert. Oel-papierisolierte Transformatoren werden in der Regel waehrend des Betriebs durch eine Analyse des Transformator-Oels inspeziert. Die Oelanalyse kann in regelmaessigen Abstaenden oder dauerhaft erfolgen. Als integrales Verfahren bietet diese Methode keine Information zu den Betriebsbedingungen unter den Teilentladungen auftreten und gibt auch keine Information zum Ort deren Auftretens. Mit dem Messen der Schallemission durch am Trafokessel angebrachte Sensoren kann der Ort und der Zeitpunkt von Stoerungen festgestellt werden.

Mit diesen Schluesselinformationen wird es moeglich, die weiteren notwendigen Massnahmen gezielt zu planen. Wie die Sicherheit durch die Digitalisierung immer tiefer in den Alltag eingreift und warum uns das nicht interessiert. Attenuation corrections through energy spectra analysis of whole body and partial body measurements applying gamma spectroscopy; Schwaechungskorrektur bei gammaspektroskopischen Ganz- und Teilkoerpermessungen durch Analyse der Energiespektren.

Klinik und Poliklinik fuer Nuklearmedizin. The study was carried out within the framework of activities for testing means of direct determination of radioactivity levels in the human body due to incorporated, inhomogenously distributed radionuclides. A major task was to derive the average depth of activity distributions, particularly from photon radiation at energies below keV, for the purpose of making suitable attenuation corrections.

The paper presents two applicable methods which yield information on the mean depths of activity distributions, obtained through additional analyses of the energy spectra. The analyses are based on measuring the dependence of intensity of the Compton radiation on the length of pathways of the photons penetrating the soft tissue, or on measuring the energy-dependent absorption effects with photons.

Im klinischen Umfeld ist es haeufig moeglich, zur Tiefenkorrektur die mittlere Organtiefe und damit die schwaechende Gewebsschicht mittels Ultraschall zu bestimmen. Ergaenzend hierzu werden im Folgenden zwei Methoden vorgestellt, welche Aussagen ueber die mittlere Tiefe von Aktivitaetsverteilungen durch Gewinnung von Zusatzinformationen aus dem Energiespektrum im Rahmen von gamma-spektroskopischen Personenmessungen ermoeglichen. Dazu werden einerseits die Abhaengigkeit der Intensitaet der Comptonstrahlung von der Laenge der Wegstrecke von Photonen durch Weichgewebe und andererseits energieabhaengige Absorptionseffekte bei Photonen als Grundlage herangezogen.

Fetal lung development on MRI. Normal course and impairment due to premature rupture of membranes; Fetale Lungenentwicklung in der MRT. Normaler Verlauf und Beeintraechtigung durch vorzeitigen Blasensprung. Arbeitsgruppe Integrative Morphologie; Brugger, P. Arbeitsgruppe Integrative Morphologie; Helmer, H.

Klinik fuer Frauenheilkunde; Balassy, C. A well-organized interplay between many molecular factors as well as mechanical forces influence fetal lung development.

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At the end of this complex process a sufficiently sized and structurally mature organ should ensure the postnatal survival of the newborn. Besides prenatal ultrasonography, magnetic resonance imaging MRI can now be used to investigate normal and pathological human lung growth in utero. Oligohydramnios, due to premature rupture of membranes PROM , is an important risk factor for compromised fetal lung growth. In these situations MR volumetry can be used to measure the size of the fetal lung quite accurately. Together with the evaluation of lung signal intensities on T2-weighted sequences, fetuses with pulmonary hypoplasia can be readily detected.

Ein geordnetes Zusammenspiel dieser Mechanismen fuehrt zu einem ausreichend grossen und strukturell reifen Organ, das sofort nach der Geburt das Ueberleben des Neugeborenen sicherstellt. Neben der praenatalen Ultraschalluntersuchung bietet nun auch die Magnetresonanztomographie MRT die Moeglichkeit, die normale und pathologische fetale Lungenentwicklung zu untersuchen.

Ein wesentlicher Risikofaktor fuer eine Beeintraechtigung der Lungenentwicklung ist die verminderte Fruchtwassermenge nach vorzeitigem Blasensprung. In diesen Faellen kann die MR-Volumetrie dazu eingesetzt werden, die Groesse der fetalen Lungen relativ genau zu bestimmen. Gemeinsam mit der Beurteilung der MR-Signalintensitaeten des Lungengewebes auf T2-gewichteten Sequenzen koennen Feten mit hypoplastischen Lungen mit zunehmender Sicherheit bereits praenatal identifiziert werden.

Mobilization of PAH by synthetic gastrointestinal juice from contaminated soil of a former landfill area; Mobilisierung von PAK durch synthetische Verdauungssaefte aus dem kontaminierten Bodenmaterial einer Altlastenflaeche. In the present study, the amount of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons PAH in contaminated soil material, which may be available for absorption in the gastrointestinal tract, is estimated by means of evaluating the PAH mobilization by synthetic gastric and intestinal juice in an in vitro test system. Five contaminated soil materials from a former landfill site are analysed in this gastrointestinal model for the PAH of the U.

For quantification, an HPLC method with reversed-phase chromatography and on line fluorescence detection is used. The mobilization of the PAH in the gastrointestinal model ranged from 0. In the presence of whole milk powder, however, the mobilization was enhanced to values from Since the soil material was taken from different parts of the contaminated area, and since the mobilization of the PAH from the different materials shows only minor differences, the mobilization data evaluated may be considered as representative for the whole contaminated area.

Compared to other contaminated soil materials, especially those from gas work areas or coke plants, the mobilization rate of PAH by the gastrointestinal model from the soil materials used in this study is low. The health risk caused, by ingestion of this soil material, as far as PAH are concerned, is actually smaller than the risk calculated from the total content of PAH of the contaminated soil. In der vorliegenden Studie wird der resorptionsverfuegbare Anteil der PAK aus dem real kontaminierten Bodenmaterial einer ehemaligen Deponie aus dem sueddeutschen Raum anhand der Mobilisierbarkeit der PAK durch die Verdauungssaefte des oberen.

Durch Zwang zur Freiheit? Full Text Available Economic self-government occurs when organized economic actors fulfill public duties, participate in providing law and law enforcement, and are given scope for the exercise of their interests. It takes place in advisory boards, chambers and cooperatives regulated by public law. Economic self-government emerged in the 19th century.

Its importance increased primarily from the end of the 19th century, the time of the emergence of the interventionist state.

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This development seemed to be accompanied by a loss of freedom because self-government was legally constructed as a state-dependent form of organization. Above all, it was subject to state supervision. However, this review would be one-sided. The establishment of self-government, simultaneously, created the possibility of increased influence on public affairs.

The semi-official character of self-government institutions strengthened the legitimacy of the economic representation of interests and the power of enforcement in relation to government authorities and other organized societal actors. Economic self-government was a way of coordinating divergent interests more effectively in a highly differentiated society and enlarging the space for the collective exercise of freedom.

The resulting increased dependence on the state was a price which large parts of society were willing to pay. Propylene glycol is used in foods, medicine and cosmetics because it is a good solvent which has, simultaneously, moisture-regulating, antiseptic, and preservative effects.

Propylene glycol may produce eczematous skin reactions of toxic and, more rarely, of allergic nature. Properties of polymer-silver nanocomposites fabricated by co-sputtering; Eigenschaften von Polymer-Silber-Nanokompositen hergestellt durch Co-Sputtern. In this thesis polymer-metal nanocomposites were fabricated by simultaneous sputtering of silver and polymers from two independent magnetron sputtering sources. By the netted structure and the dielectric properties PTFE is suited for the use as matrix material.

The metal content of the composite films was determined via the measurement of EDX intensities. The composite materials show at the percolation limit a sudden transition of the properties from polymer- to metal-like behaviour. The optical properties change with the metal content. The absorption caused by plasmon resonance, which has at small filling degrees its maximum at about nm and has an intense yellow colour of the composite material as consequence shifts with increasing silver content to longer wavelengths. The difference in the optical. Small changes in the metal content can in the polymer-silver nanocomposites in the range of the percolation threshold effect a drastic change in ther properties, by which applications as sensors are thinkable.

Die Kompositmaterialien zeigen an der Perkolationsgrenze einen schlagartigen Uebergang der Eigenschaften vom polymer- zum metallaehnlichen Verhalten. Steigerung der Gasausbeute durch elektrokinetische Desintegration. In the electrokinetic disintegration process, the fluid flows through a pipeline system to which a HV field is applied. The electric forces of the HV field deform and destabilise the cell membrane.

Once the deformation exceeds the elastic resistance of the cell membrane, the cell membrane will become permeable, and the cell content will be released and can be used for gas production. The advantages of theprocess are the low investment cost, simple retrofitting, high availability, and low energy cost 35 W per module. Durch die auftretenden elektrischen Kraefte im Hochspannungsfeld wird die Zellmembran verformt und destabilisiert. Uebersteigt die Verformung die elastische Widerstandkraft der Zellmembran, so wird diese durchlaessig.

Dadurch werden die Zellinhaltsstoffe freigesetzt und koennen zur Gaserzeugung genutzt werden. Die Vorteile dieses Verfahrens liegen in den geringen Investitionskosten gegenueber anderen Desintegrationsverfahren, der einfachen Nachruestbarkeit, der hoher Anlagenverfuegbarkeit sowie in den geringen Energiekosten 35 W pro Modul. A practical example of how companies can cut down their costs by means of an environmental management system; Moeglichkeit der Kostensenkung in Betrieben durch Umweltmanagement am praktischen Beispiel.

Regular acquisition of environmentally relevant data permits systematic monitoring of the environmental impact of industrial operations. This, together with a systematic documentation and the efficient organization of operations, creates the basis for an environmental management system. When designing an environmental protection concept or introducing an environmental management system, it may be convenient to make use of the services of consultancies.

Zusammen mit einer systematischen Dokumentation und einer nachweislichen Regelung zur Aufbau- und Ablauforganisation ist damit die Grundlage fuer ein Umweltmanagementsystem geschaffen. Bei der Erarbeitung eines Umweltschutzkonzeptes und der Einfuehrung eines Umweltmanagementsystems kann es sinnvoll sein einen externen Berater einzuschalten. Revolution by way of technical transfer in the development of locomotive brake systems; Revolutionierung in der Entwicklung von Bremssystemen bei Lokomotiven durch Technologietransfer.

Bereich Engineering; Sinn, R. Bereich Elektronik und Software. With the use of components from other sectors and orientation on the technologies of other fields it has been possible to enhance the standard of electronic braking systems. The physical volume could be reduced by 40 percent and the weight by 30 percent.

A diagnostics system allows repair times to be reduced to 20 minutes. Production is now commencing and it is planned to make the first deliveries starting from January Der Beitrag beschreibt die Entwicklung einer neuen Generation von computergesteuerten Bremssystemen fuer Lokomotiven. Advantages through controlling internal turbine power in place of turbo generator output; Effektive Turbinenregelung. Vorteile durch die Regelung der inneren Turbinenleistung anstelle der Turbogeneratorleistung. Hitherto, the electrical output of turbo generators has generally been controlled by means of power output controllers.

Controlling the internal turbine power makes it possible to avoid such consequences. Im Falle einer Lastaenderung, wie sie beispielsweise beim Uebergang in den Betrieb auf ein Teilnetz Insel- mit vorher unbekannter Last vorkommt, trat ein Falschregeleffekt auf. Auf diesen wurden bereits Turbosatzausfaelle zurueckgefuehrt. Wird anstelle der elektrischen Leistung allerdings die innere Turbinenleistung geregelt, so tritt der Falschregeleffekt nicht ein.

Reducing available amounts of heavy metals in contaminated soils by adding iron oxides. Final report; Verringerung der Bioverfuegbarkeit von Schwermetallen in kontaminierten Boeden durch Zugabe von Eisenoxiden. Pot and field trials were carried out using three different soils. Red mud from Al-industry, Fe-precipitation sludge from drinking water treatment, bog iron ore, unused steel shot and steel shot waste from surface treatment of rolled steel plates.

Heavy metals were immobilized to a certain extent in field trials, but less effect was observed on concentration in plants and soil extracts compared with the pot tests. Die praxisorientierten Untersuchungen wurden in Gefaess- und Feldversuchen mit drei unterschiedlichen Boeden Spuelfeldboden aus Hafenschlick, immissionsbelastete Brackmarsch, durch Bergbau belasteter Auenboden ausgefuehrt. Dazu wurden fuenf eisen oxid haltige Materialien Rotschlamm aus der Al. Optimizing biological waste water cleaning by means of modern control systems fuzzy logic ; Optimierung der biologischen Abwasserreinigung durch moderne Regelsysteme Fuzzy-Logik.

Within the framework of a project sponsored by EUREGIO, test series with the biological activation stages of a German and a Dutch sewage treatment plant each are carried out using different process concepts for the control of oxygen supply by fuzzy logic. As the currently available results demonstrate, the developed fuzzy-logic fields of characteristic curves permit establishing a stable and, thus, little energy-consuming process with optimum oxygen supply in comparison with conventional control.

Die bisherigen Versuchsergebnisse zeigen, dass - im Vergleich zur konventionellen Regelung - durch die entwickelten Fuzzy-Logik Kennfelder ein stabiler und damit energiearmer Prozess mit optimaler Sauerstoffzufuhr erzeugt wird. Minimisation of loads on the azimuthal drive by control of the slip brake momentum; Minimierung der Azimutantriebsbelastungen durch Steuerung des Schleifbremsen-Momentes.

The influence of the slip brake momentum on the load acting on the azimuthal drives is investigated and is minimised by a variable, optimised braking momentum. An option for automatic control is proposed. Measures to improve the availability of wind power systems in cold climates were developed in the context of a development study, including closer investigations of the azimuthal region. Eine Option zur automatisierten Steuerung wird vorgeschlagen. Im Rahmen einer Entwicklungsstudie wurden Massnahmen zur Erhoehung der Betriebssicherheit von Windkraftanlagen in kaltem Klima ausgearbeitet, und unter anderem auch der Azimutbereich naeher untersucht.

Material modifications in lithium niobate and lithium tantalate crystals by ion irradiation; Materialmodifikationen in Lithiumniobat- und Lithiumtantalat-Kristallen durch Ionenbestrahlung. Hierfuer ist es oft notwendig, den Brechungsindex des Substrats gezielt beeinflussen zu koennen, was neben anderer Methoden auch durch Bestrahlung der Materialien mit schnellen leichten Ionen moeglich ist.

Energie und Kristalldicke sind dabei so gewaehlt, dass die Projektile die gesamte Probe durchdringen und nicht implantiert werden.

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Alle fuer die unerwuenschte, durch die Bestrahlung entstehende, nukleare Aktivierung der Kristalle verantwortlichen Isotope sind relativ kurzlebig und insgesamt nimmt die Aktivierung schnell genug ab, um nach einer Lagerfrist von einigen Tagen bis wenigen Wochen den gefahrlosen Umgang mit den bestrahlten Proben zu ermoeglichen.

Die in Lithiumniobat und Lithiumtantalat durch die Bestrahlung mit den verschiedenen Projektilen erzeugten Brechungsindexaenderungen werden interferometrisch bestimmt und koennen durch geeignete Wahl der Probengeometrie auch in Abhaengigkeit von der. Although the experimental results presented in this article therefore require a correction due to some external, not correctly scalable friction and insulation losses, they nevertheless prove that the realization of such switchable systems for decentralized, demand-oriented energy supply of buildings in a practical size and performance class is possible.

In coordinated operation of a larger number of such systems - e. Furthermore, applications in the field of drive-independent air conditioning, heating and power supply of vehicles are conceivable. Zum anderen besitzt er ein hiervon raeumlich getrenntes, einseitig wirkendes Arbeitskolben-Zylinder-System, das mit der ''warmen'' Seite des thermischen Verdichters durch einen Ueberstroemkanal verbunden ist und sich somit auf aehnlichem Temperaturniveau befindet.

Fuegt man in diesen Ueberstroemkanal einen zusaetzlichen Regenerator ein, so kommt es zu einer Trennung der Temperaturniveaus, da die Waermeabgabe des Prozesses primaer ueber den warmen Zylinderraum des Verdraengersystems erfolgt, waehrend der Zylinderraum des Arbeitskolbens eine Waermesenke darstellt. Transport of Phanerochaete chrysosporium and Mucor hiemalis f. Just as bacteria so can aquatic fungi contribute effectively to pollutant elimination, at least in superficial groundwaters. However, very little is known about this.

Nor is it known whether fungal spores are capable of being transported through sedimentary cavities. At least fungal spores are for some part of similar size as bacteria. We here report for the first time on a demonstration of the migration through quartz sand of spores of the two fungal species Phanerochaete chrysosporium and Mucor hiemalis f. Darueber ist aber sehr wenig bekannt.

Es ist auch nicht bekannt, ob ueberhaupt Pilzsporen durch Sedimenthohlraeume transportiert werden koennen, obwohl die Pilzsporen z. Hier berichten wir erstmalig ueber den Nachweis der Migration von Sporen der beiden Pilzarten Phanerochaete chrysosporium und Mucor hiemalis f. Increase of the efficiency of heat pumps by partial defrosting of evaporator during the heating operation; Effizienzsteigerung von Waermepumpen durch partielle Verdampferabtauung waehrend des Heizbetriebs. Eine weitverbreitete Methode dazu ist die Umkehrung des Kaeltemittelstroms, bei der heisses Gas aus dem Verdichter in den Verdampfer eingeleitet wird.

Neben deutlichen Effizienzverlusten entstehen dabei Probleme der Materialbelastung und bei manchen Anlagentypen Komforteinbussen. Die Methode der partiellen Abtauung zielt darauf ab, die Haeufigkeit der Kreislaufumkehr zu reduzieren oder ganz zu vermeiden.

Das Prinzip beruht darauf, einzelne Straenge des Verdampfers abwechselnd zu deaktivieren um dort eine energiesparende Abtauung durch die ueberstroemende Luft zu ermoeglichen. In den uebrigen Bereichen des Verdampfers wird weiterhin Waerme von der Aussenluft auf das Kaeltemittel uebertragen, so dass der Betrieb der Anlage kontinuierlich aufrecht erhalten werden kann.

Ermoeglicht wird dies durch ein spezielles Ventil, welches Expansion und Verteilung kombiniert und damit erlaubt, die Kaeltemittelmassenstroeme in den einzelnen Verdampferstraengen gezielt einzustellen. Anhand eines mathematischen Modells werden Details der Methode vorgestellt und diskutiert. Durch experimentelle Untersuchungen an Luft-Luft-Waermepumpen wird gezeigt, dass unter Standard-Betriebsbedingungen mit Lufttemperaturen ueber dem Gefrierpunkt waehrend der Deaktivierungsphase der gesamte Reif abgetaut werden kann und somit keine Kreislaufumkehr erforderlich ist.

Energy saving by enhanced temperature measurement of stock materials of heat- and heat treatment process. Final report; Energieeinsparung durch verbesserte Nutzguttemperaturbestimmung bei Waerm- und Waermebehandlungsprozessen. Thermoelementes, welches moeglichst gut im Strahlungsaustausch mit dem Nutzgut steht, gemessen. Somit kann die Oberflaechentemperatur weitgehend unabhaengig vom Emissionsgrad des Nutzgutes gemessen werden. Die Vorteile der Thermoelementsonde konnten durch eine Installation an einem Waermeofen und einer Waermebehandlungsanlage deutlich aufgezeigt werden. Durch die dauerhafte betriebliche Installation konnten umfangreiche Verbesserungsmassnahmen zur Energieeinsparung und zur Qualitaetsverbesserung an den Oefen realisiert werden.

Die Thermoelementsonde ermoeglicht eine strenge Optimierung mittels modellgestuetzter Steuerung und damit deutliche Produktverbesserungen und Energieeinsparungen.

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Organically polluted sewage water can be economically cleaned in an aerobic biological sewage treatment plant with upstream anaerobic as this saves activation volume and ventilation energy. It is a robust system with uncomplicated control which guarantees observance of maximum values and allows elimation of P and N.

Efficient sorting of waste by means of dry stabilisation and separation of inert materials; Effiziente Sortierung von Restabfall durch Trockenstabilisierung und Inertstoffabscheidung. Sorting of waste takes place in two stages: After this, the stabilised residue is sorted according to grain size, density, magnetic susceiptibility, electric conductivity, and comminution characteristics. This way, recyclable materials are recovered almost completely e.

The refuse-derived fuel fraction has significantly lower heavy metal concentrations because the metals were sorted out, and its calorific value and homogemeity are optimised as well. The fuel fraction can be combusted at once or stored for further use. Den ersten Schritt stellt eine Trocknung unter Ausnutzung der mikrobiellen Aktivitaeten des Materials dar. Durch diese Massnahme wird ein trockenes Material mit einer Restfeuchte von unter 15 Gew. Den zweiten Verfahrensschritt stellt die Sortierung des stabilisierten Restabfall dar.

Als Sortierkriterium werden die Eigenschaften Korngroesse, Dichte, magnetische Suszeptibilitaet, elektrische Leitfaehigkeit und Zerkleinerungsverhalten angewandt. Aufgrund der Abtrennung der hauptsaechlichen Schwermetalltraeger, Eisen- und Nichteisenmetalle, besitzt dieser Sekundaerbrennstoff gegenueber dem unbehandeltem Restabfall deutlich verminderte Schwermetallkonzentrationen. Zudem sind seine verbrennungstechnisch relevanten Eigenschaften Heizwert und Homogenitaet deutlich optimiert. Unterbrechungslose umweltgerechte Restabfallbehandlung durch Vergasung und Direkteinschmelzung.

The Thermoselect process comprises waste compaction, degassing, gasification with pure oxygen, and melting of inorganic components in a continuous closed cycle process. The high-quality products can be recycled almost completely: The synthesis gas can be used as feedstock or combusted, also in high-efficiency power generation processes.

The other products, e. The residual fraction which must be dumped is very small. Das erzeugte Synthesegas kann sowohl stofflich als auch thermisch genutzt werden, wobei der Einsatz von stromerzeugungsverfahren mit hohen Wirkungsgraden moeglich ist. Die ubrigen Produkte, z. Die Anteile der z.

Germany ; Spekl, K. In summarising the outcome of the present study it can be said spraying the agent on the oral mucous membrane once a day had an effect on the incidence of mucous membrane ulceration in the case of both placebo and dexpanthenol treatment. However, there was no significant difference between placebo and dexpanthenol treatment, the only finding being a slight prolongation of latency time through aloe vera. These experimental findings give good reason to critically reconsider the clinical use of dexpanthenol as a supportive treatment for the prevention of radiogenic mucositis enoralis following irradiation of tumours in the head and neck region.

However thorough oral lavage is an effective means of moderating the irradiation response of the oral mucous membrane. Lediglich eine geringe Verlaengerung der Latenzzeit durch Aloe vera war zu beobachten. Auf der Basis dieser experimentellen Ergebnisse muss der klinische Einsatz von Dexpanthenol im Rahmen der Supportivtherapie zur Prophylaxe der radiogenen Mucositis enoralis bei der Bestrahlung von Kopf-Hals-Tumoren kritisch ueberdacht werden. Regelmaessige, intensive Mundspuelungen sind jedoch ein probates Mittel zur Verminderung der Strahlenreaktion der Mundschleimhaut. Bubble-free ozone addition through ceramic membranes for wet-oxidative waste water treatment; Blasenfreier Ozoneintrag durch keramische Membranen zur nassoxidativen Abwasserbehandlung.

Lehrstuhl und Pruefamt fuer Wasserguete- und Abfallwirtschaft. A prerequisite for successful wet oxidation is very accurately tuned and carefully monitored process control. In the alternative, a decline in water quality is actually possible. In particular, earlier studies in the ozonification of landfill leachate encountered problems in reducing levels of AOX in the presence of halogenated hydrocarbons.

Serious problems in process control may arise when ozone is conventionally added and forms bubbles in the presence of surface-active substances; this foam accumulates and is so persistent as to evade mechanical control. Since the formation of foam is directly due to gas bubbles carried in, bubble-free addition of ozone through a membrane may be a viable approach. Gravierende Schwierigkeiten in der Prozessfuehrung kann Schaum bereiten, der sich bei konventionellem Blaseneintrag des Ozons in Anwesenheit von oberflaechenaktiven Substanzen bildet, sich in der Anlage ansammelt und dabei so bestaendig ist, dass er auf mechanische Weise nicht zu kontrollieren ist.

Da die Schaumbildung direkt auf die eingetragenen Gasblasen zurueckzufuehren ist, stellt der blasenfreie Eintrag von Ozon durch eine Membran einen moeglichen Loesungsansatz dar. Control-technical optimization of topped denitrification through fuzzy control; Regelungstechnische Optimierung der vorgeschalteten Denitrifikation durch Anwendung von Fuzzy-Control. The present paper describes complex fuzzy systems for controlling nitrogen elimination at plants with topped denitrification. For the design and testing of the fuzzy systems, dynamic simulation calculations and experimental tests were carried out in a semi-technical pilot plant.

It is established that, with the more flexible control behaviour, a more stable nitrogen elimination and, at the same time, a cut in the amount of air transferred to the system can be attained in comparison with a conventional control. Zum Entwurf und zur Erprobung der Fuzzy-Systeme wurden dynamische Simulationsrechnungen und experimentelle Untersuchungen an einer halbtechnischen Versuchsanlage durchgefuehrt. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass durch das flexible Reglerverhalten eine stabilere Stickstoffelimination und gleichzeitig eine Einsparung an eingetragener Luftmenge im Vergleich zu einem konventionellen Regelsystem erreicht werden kann.

Self-management by firm, non-elastic adjustable compression wrap device [Translation of Druckmessungen unter Klettverschluss-Kompression - Selbstbehandlung durch feste, unelastische Beinwickelung. Sub- bandage pressure was measured after application and 24 h later. In 30 patients without arterial occlusive disease the median sub- bandage pressure values on day 1 and day 2 were 44,5 mmHg IQR , and 46 mmHg IQR ,25 respectively.

One patient with an arterialvenous leg ulcer showed pressures of 34 and 36 mmHg. All measured pressure values corresponded to the pursued target range, demonstrating that adequate self application of Velcro bands is feasible and that patents can maintain this pressure by re-adjustment. Druckmessungen unter Klettverschluss-Kompression - Selbstbehandlung durch feste, unelastische Beinwickelung. Substitution of wastes for fuels and raw materials in high-temperature processes; Substitution von Brennstoffen und Rohstoffen durch Abfaelle in Hochtemperaturprozessen.

To do justice to the steel and iron industry it also deals with fuel substitution in a natural gas fired cokeless cupola furnace. Dabei interessieren zunaechst die Fragestellungen im Zusammenhang mit dem jeweils spezifischen Einsatz wie z. Darueber hinaus wird weiter der Vergleich der jeweiligen Anwendung untereinander sowie die Gegenueberstellung mit den zum Stand der Technik gehoerenden thermischen Abfallbehandlungsverfahren diskutiert.

Diese Verfahrensvergleiche muessen selbstverstaendlich unter Einbeziehung aller insgesamt erforderlichen Aufwendungen an Zusatzstoffen und Zusatzenergie mit gleichen Randbedingungen durchgefuehrt werden. Das betrifft insbesondere die Auswirkungen einer Substitution von Primaerbrennstoffen durch Ersatzbrennstoffe aus Abfaellen Sekundaerbrennstoffe z.

Ersatzbrennstoffe muessen sich sowohl aus stofflicher Sicht als auch aus brennstoff- und waermetechnischer Sicht fuer eine Substitution eignen. In dem vorliegenden Beitrag wird insbesondere auf die Anforderungen an Abfaellen, die zur Substitution von Primaerbrennstoffen dienen aus brennstoff- und waermetechnischer Sicht eingegangen. Hierzu werden zunaechst kurz einige wesentliche Gesichtspunkte der Waermeuebertragung in Feuerungen und Industrieoefen eroertert.

Wichtig fuer die Bewertung einer. Degradation of organic pollutants in sewage sludge by aerobic-thermophilic sludge treatment. Final report; Abbau organischer Schadstoffe im Klaerschlamm durch aerob-thermophile Schlammbehandlung. Im organischen Anteil des Klaerschlammfeststoffes sind bis heute ueber verschiedene organische Spurenstoffe nachgewiesen worden.

Um die in diesem Bereich z. Die erhaltenen Untersuchungsergebnisse bestaetigen die Korrelation zwischen einer Hygienisierung des Klaerschlamms und der entsprechenden Verweilzeit im Reaktorsystem. Such multi-modal interface involves various sensory and communicational modalities.

A systematic investigation of the interaction between them plays an important role in the realization of the system. To that end, various methods including the analyses of linguistic data, speech-accompanying gestures, sketches, haptic exploration movements and post-exploration questionnaires were utilized. Einem Menschen, der den Graphen exploriert, d. Die wichtigsten empirischen Resultate sind: The Effectiveness of Science-Policy Interactions: Besides tropical forests in developing countries, also forests in industrialised regions ought to be considered in this context.

Against this background, the study at hand investigates how science-policy interactions in regional forest politics need to be designed in order to contribute effectively to climate change mitigation and SD. Eight independent and two exogenous variables complete the model applied here. The qualitative investigation of primary documents and expert interviews indicates that the overall effectiveness of the interactions is higher in the context of the EFI than in the MCPFE process.

The research results are case specific and can hardly be generalised beyond these cases. Dies ist eine zentrale Komponente Nachhaltiger Entwicklung. Vor diesem Hintergrund untersucht die vorliegende Studie, wie solche Interaktionen in der regionalen Waldpolitik zu gestalten sind, um effektiv zu Klimawandelminderung und Nachhaltiger Entwicklung beizutragen. Synaesthetic and intermodal audio-visual perception: Synaesthesia is an involuntary process in which a stimulus not only stimulates the appropriate sense, but also stimulates another modality at the same time.

This kind of joining can happen between all five senses, and can occur in any combination e. In general, synaesthesia affects a minority of the population. However, there are synaesthetic-like phenomena which are labelled either as cross-modal correspondences, or as intermodal analogies, which are reported often by the common population. This study focuses on sound-colour synaesthesia, and on intermodal audio-visual perception. This work sheds light on both phenomena synaesthetic and synaesthetic-like , and its purpose is not to compare the phenomena, but to treat them as autonomic cases of audio-visual perception.

The goal is to explore how sound, culture, and musical training affect audio-visual correspondences. Furthermore, it is important to explore how people justify these correspondences. It was observed that three sound characteristics pitch, structure and timbre influence different aspects of audio-visual correspondences. Additionally, it was found that different cultural groups Germans, Chinese and South Americans make similar audio-visual correspondences, though cognitive input accompanying these correspondences can be culture-specific.

Furthermore, musical training does not affect these correspondences, but it does limit associative thinking and mental imagery. In case of synaesthesia, it was observed that a high-pitched sounds result in a chromatic experience presence of hue , b low-pitched sounds result in an achromatic experience absence of hue , c single frequencies cause a uni-colour sensation, and d multiple high frequencies induce a multi-colour sensation. Variation of chromatic colour e. These findings suggest that the synaesthetic mechanism in the case of sound-colour synaesthesia maps sound onto visual sensations depending on the mechanisms underlying temporal and spectral auditory processing.

This study shows that intermodal correspondences are based, on the one hand, on the sensory characteristics of the stimulus, and on the other hand, on the cognitive information contained in the presented stimulus. The theory of associative sequence learning, and the theory of grounded cognition, may explain synaesthetic and synaesthetic-like phenomena: Specifically, in case of synaesthesia, both perceptual and conceptual information is combined into one perceptual experience. Das Ziel dieser Studie ist es, herauszufinden, wie die Faktoren Klang, Kultur und musikalische Ausbildung sich auf diese Zuordnungen auswirken.

Dennoch kann der kognitive Input, der diese Korrespondenzen begleitet, kulturspezifisch sein. Die Variation der chromatischen Farbe z. Blau, Rot, Gelb usw. Diese Studie zeigt, dass intermodale Zuordnungen einerseits auf die sensorischen Eigenschaften des Stimulus und auf der anderen Seite auf die kognitiven Informationen, die im Stimulus enthalten sind, basieren.

The degenerative aortic stenosis is the most common valvular heart disease in adults. Since its commercial launch in the transcatheter aortic valve implantation TAVI has been established as a promising alternative treatment for this patient collective. This study presents the results of a single-center trial evaluating predictors and outcomes after TAVI with different devices and access routes according to the Valve Academic Research Consortium VARC endpoint definitions.

According to choice of device and accessroute this patient collective was divided into the three groups ES transfemoral, ES transapical and MCV transfemoral. Mean age was All-cause mortality was Device success was achieved in Myocardial infarction hazard ratio HR 6.

Device success had a protective effect HR 0. Further reduction of perioperative complications should be aspired as they could be detected as independent risk factors for all-cause mortality after one year. By analyzing baseline predictors high-risk patients for TAVI could be identified. In future more trials are required to specify these predictors and to optimize patient selection criteria for TAVI. In consideration of these aspects the results of this study confirm TAVI as a very good alternative to surgical aortic valve replacement for patients who were considered to be at very high or prohibitive surgical risk.

Active Surveillance -Kriterien []. Es konnten in dieser Studie keine signifikant besseren Parameter zur Erkennung eines Niedrigrisikoprofils bestimmt werden. Zur Beantwortung dieser Frage bedarf es noch mehr prospektive Studien mit langen Follow- ups. Allgemeines, and Lebenslanges Lernen. Organizational, technological, and competitive advances have led to changing job requirements and thus to increasing participation in lifelong learning. Corporate training services are key contributors to lifelong learning and strategic human resource partners of organizations.

Corporate training service is a growing, substantial multibillion-dollar industry worldwide. For organizations to benefit from their investments, participants in corporate training must apply their learnings in the work context. However, few participants apply what they have learned in training within the work context. The low output with respect to transfer-of-training and the related insufficient return on investment is a serious problem and indicates that corporate training services suffer from low productivity. The traditional thinking about productivity has limited value when applied to service.

Service productivity cannot be managed solely by service providers because service customers provide critical inputs, collaborate with service providers in creating value, and accrue benefits from the service. Corporate training service is a specific instance of a highly co-created service that seeks to provide learning success in order to enable the application of learnings by participants as well as the behavioral change of participants on the job and thus to improve organizational performance.

Achieving this output requires collaboration between training actors and contextualization to meet the specific work-related training needs of participants, which is a complex and time-consuming service process. Therefore, this thesis focuses on this service process by facilitating the transfer-related collaboration between all involved actors of value co-creation in order to improve the ability of customers to appropriate the value of training in the form of organizational performance improvements.

This appropriation requires participants to generalize learnings and to apply them to the work context. Transfer-of-training is the output of this process. Determinants of successful transfer-of-training are learner characteristics, intervention design, and work environment.

Information technology IT , as part of the corporate training service system, can be an enabler and initiator for service innovation by establishing a value network, can facilitate value co-creation, and can overcome boundaries between training and the work context as well as differences in time and space. Surprisingly, this has largely been overlooked in transfer-of-training research. Thus, the overall aim of this dissertation is to facilitate improvements in the output productivity of corporate training services by influencing the transfer-of-training determinants through IT support and thus strengthening the transfer output of these services.

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This thesis is based on and contributes to training research, service science research, and design science research. First, by proposing transfer-supporting IT components and a complementary transfer-supporting intervention this thesis contributes to training research. From a service productivity perspective, determinants of transfer-of-training are utilized as theoretical guidance to facilitate the transfer-related service process and to improve the transfer-of-training output of corporate training services by IT.

The utilization of these artifacts also facilitates the evaluation of training and makes more likely the evaluation of transfer-of-training in practice. Second, through the integration of transfer-supporting IT components into learning management systems, this thesis illustrates how learning management systems can be designed with the capability of supporting transfer-of-training. Finally, this research provides an example of the cumulative design of IT artifacts in complex service systems and as an extension of design science research methodology activities.

The extension is attributable to the fact that artifacts designed for complex service systems need to be accepted and used by several actors service providers and customers; external partners to enable researchers to naturalistically evaluate them. Dies kann nur erreicht werden, wenn Teilnehmer einer betrieblichen Weiterbildung das Gelernte im spezifischen Arbeitskontext anwenden. Dies bedeutet, dass der erreichte Trainingstransfer das wesentliche Ergebnis einer betrieblichen Weiterbildung darstellt.

Dieses Promotionsvorhaben hat daher zum Ziel, die Ergebnisse einer betrieblichen Weiterbildungsdienstleistung zu verbessern, indem der Prozess der Zusammenarbeit und der Kontextualisierung verbessert wird. Dies erfordert von Teilnehmern der Weiterbildungsdienstleistungen das Gelernte auf den spezifischen Arbeitskontext anzuwenden.

IT-Artefakt und Intervention zielen insbesondere darauf, empirisch fundierte Determinanten des Trainingstransfers positiv zu beeinflussen, um die Trainingstransfer-Ergebnisse einer betrieblichen Weiterbildungsdienstleistung zu verbessern. Wie lassen sich sozial-kommunikative Kompetenzen unter Einbezug von Kommunikation und Interaktion in medial vermittelten Kontexten beschreiben und ausdifferenzieren? Die Hauptergebnisse der vorliegenden Arbeit sind die folgenden: The thesis focuses on the development of these competencies while playing together, communicating, and interacting in groups.

The game world of World of Warcraft WoW and its associated communicative spaces, on which this research is centered, are used as representative for other, similar games. The key question addresses the following issues: In which way can social and communicative competencies be described and differentiated considering the specific conditions of mediated contexts? Which aspects of social and communicative competencies become visible and where do MMORPGs or rather communication and interaction in MMORPGs trigger the development of these competencies In order to answer these questions a two-step research design was developed focusing on communication and interaction with regards to joint playing activities in WoW.

Main results are the following: On the basis of the data from WoW, it is shown that MMORPGs open up social and communicative spaces that include manifold opportunities and triggers to further develop social and communicative competencies in social contexts. For example, cooperation and coordination skills such as being able to get commitment from others or being able to prove and evaluate the efficiency of the current group actions are particularly salient. Beyond that, the study shows that playing in groups in MMORPGs holds important triggers and opportunities for the development of social and communicative competencies and illustrates this with concrete examples.

For instance, such chances for learning especially emerge when players are confronted with disturbances and failures or situational challenges within the group. The specific context of action has to be taken into consideration because, on the one hand, communication and interaction in online game worlds are linked to the particular conditions of computer mediated communication and, on the other hand, the game world and game targets build the setting for group activities as well as for communication and interaction. In addition, the analysis of the game world shows that the specific conditions of MMORPGs are conducive to these development potentials, e.

A further result is that the developed model of social and communicative competencies or rather its differentiated components such as abilities and skills prove to be viable for the analysis of communication and interaction in online game worlds. In addition, this model can — due to the explicitness of social and communicative competencies in online games — for the most part be substantiated by empirical results.

Homeless cities are understood as a result of complex geographies of homelessness and are more than the mere locating of support structures, results of particular space utilization stratgies or mechanisms of social control in urban spaces. The question of the construction of homeless cities though various geographies of homelessness opens possibilities to show that many Homeless Cities can be or are a part of any city.

This diversity is based on individual everyday- knowledge, theory and practice of homeless people, who are closely linked with processes, politics and orders of a city: Accordingly, an existing repertoire of geographies of homelessness is not presumed, in favour of individual constructions alongside historic-societal as well as current urban-political contextualizations. In particular visual approaches promise not only access to homeless cities, but also to highlight and reveal various entanglements of relations of the everyday life of a city.

These will be looked at through the visual geographies of some of their homeless cities, in order to interrogate the interdependent causal network of geographies of homelessness in Hamburg and Rio. In the two case studies, twelve homeless residents will show and explain their perspectives on Hamburg and Rio de Janeiro through the aid of photography.

The subsequently acquired knowledge on places, dynamics, experiences, politics, positions and social relations in the two cities will be traced in intertextual-intersectional analyses and probed for its relationality. The personal, visual-verbal configurations, which result from the connection of image and text by the interviewees, will thus be looked at before the backdrop of the respective historical handling with homeless people and also put in relation to current debates and negotiations around the theme.

Through that, significant continuities and disruptions, and in particular intersections of power relations in regard to homeless people come to the fore, which affect both the discursive level, practice and societal negotiations. For the investigation of the relations between those different dimensions, the politics of control and the politics of care have proven pivotal. In these, historic and current forms of violence and care, as well as discrimination and solidarity have become apparent and reveal processes and mechanisms of normalization of urban relations in their relation to people in situations of homelessness.

The focus of this piece lies on the visual-medial handling of the subject of homelessness and exposes, how visual representation and conventions of gaze inhabit powerful roles in the normalization of social power relations, by displaying homeless people as urban Others. Ordinary homeless cities are the result of the interplay between individual experiences and historic-structural practices of handling homelessness, as well as political, economic and social dynamics of a city.

Ordinary homeless cities are often regarded as marginal and separate from urban happenings, even though they are produced daily through their interdependencies. In particular the unquestioned ordniariness of this interplay are a function of power relations, which normalize people in situations of homelessness as urban others. These processes of normalization are to be questioned and resisted constantly by revealing connections, naming power relations and by disrupting conventional gazes and perspectives, in order to trace the complexity of ordinary homeless cities in urban societies.

Antecedents of individual research performance of surgeons - an empirical analysis of surgeons in US and German Academic Medical Centers []. Economics, Forschung und Entwicklung, and Unternehmensorganisation. Based on findings that academic medical centers AMCs that strategically focus on research tend to perform well in the delivery of patient care as well as with respect to the overall performance, this dissertation empirically investigates antecedents of the research of physicians using the example of surgeons. Hypothesizing that antecedents can be found on individual, team and AMC levels of analysis the empirical analysis is based on multi-level modeling, conceptualizing influence factors with reference to organizational theories such as the resource based view, the diversity approach or the ambidexterity hypothesis.

Data is collected accordingly on each analytical level on over The analysis reveals that different resource types, forms of diversity and organizational strategies such as exploration, exploitation and ambidexterity have varying influence on individual research performance of surgeons. Managers of AMCs who aim to create a research-friendly environment should therefore pursue a comprehensive approach in consideration of individual-, team-, and organizational-level influence factors when implementing processes and strategies that aim to stimulate the research performance of their physicians.

Annehmend, dass die Forschungsleistung von Faktoren auf individueller, Team- und Klinikebene beeinflusst wird ist das zentrale Analyseinstrument der empirischen Analyse die Mehrebenen-Analyse. Die Hypothesen werden getrieben von verschiedenen Organisationstheorien wie dem Resource-based View, dem Diversity-Ansatz und der Ambidexterity-Hypothese. Die Analyse zeigt, dass verschiedene Ressourcenarten, Diversity-Typen und organisationale Strategien wie Exploration, Exploitation und Ambidexterity das Forschungsverhalten unterschiedlich beeinflussen.

Messinstrumente zur Erfassung von Pruritus: Insgesamt konnten in Artikeln Messinstrumente gefunden werden. Aim was to identify the existing measuring instruments for pruritus and validation studies. Subsequently validity of measuring instruments should be evaluated and the frequency of application in clinical trials should be detected in a last step. The identification of measuring instruments, validation studies and frequency of application were determined on the basis of a Pubmed-based literature research.

The Cosmin Checklist was used to determine the methological quality of the validation studies. From our point of view the largest overview of measuring instruments for pruritus was described. A total of measuring instruments were found in articles. Moderate methological quality of reliability evidence level was detected for 9 measuring instruments and moderate till high methological quality of validity evidence level was detected for 12 measuring instruments. Furthermore frequency of application in clinical trials was investigated: Unidimensional scales of pruritus intensity were used most ferquently.

This work is the first systematic review about the validity of measuring instruments for pruritus. The measuring instruments should be selected according to the special question of a study. Models and Algorithms for Extended Network Design []. The ubiquitous interest in networks per se stems from their natural appearance in countless situations - real world kind as well as theoretical.

Network models can be used to describe infrastructure, processes, and relations in general. Furthermore, the cost-driven evaluation of networks leads to the question of how to effciently construct networks of high quality in regard to the expenses - either from scratch or by extending existing ones. The design of algorithms for effciently fnding optimal, or near optimal, structures is a field of research motivated by applications in various industries, such as telecommunications, transportation, manufacturing and mining, just to mention a few.

The problems studied in this dissertation, all of them essentially combinatorial, ask for networks of minimal overall cost obtained from the synthesis of the fundamental graph classes of cycles, trees or stars. The resulting integrated decision-making under various capacity side constraints leads to computationally challenging models in discrete optimization. The contribution of the presented research is twofold.

Firstly, new models of practical relevance are developed for which exact and heuristic state-of-the art algorithms are elaborated. Secondly, innovative matheuristic concepts of generic type are presented and studied on these models. These techniques are able to elegantly push the frontiers of computability to effciently approximate optimal solutions using mathematical programming. Es werden Strukturen aus der Klasse sogenannter erweiterter Netzwerke betrachtet. Zusammenfassend werden folgende Ergebnisse erarbeitet. Einerseits wird in dieser Doktorarbeit eine neuer Typ von Netzwerkplanungsmodellen entwickelt, sogenannte Ring-Baum-Probleme.

Hierdurch lassen sich simultan zentrale Kreisstrukturen sowie angrenzende Baumstrukturen kostenoptimal planen. Die vorgestellten Algorithmen vereinen exakte Schnittebenenverfahren mit iterativen lokalen Suchverfahren. Entwicklung von Selbststeuerungsprozessen am Beispiel der Feldenkrais-Methode []. In the present qualitative empirical work statements from people in terms of self-regulation skills are collected and analyzed.

The volunteers refer to extensive experiences with the Feldenkrais Method. Moshe Feldenkrais the learner should be able to improve his health, state of mind and skills as well as to cope with his pain, his fears and his troubles and to get rid of them see Feldenkrais, Feldenkrais basic assumptions can be confirmed with this work and new hypotheses can be generated for theorizing. This pilot study fills a gap in basic research. The volunteers talk about their experience during the intervention, about changes in their daily life and changes in conflict and stressful situations.

They open up new ways of acting by self-exploration, by clarification of ways of acting, by muscular and therefore limited emotional regulation. The self-image, self-value and self-acceptance change through experiences of self-efficacy. They generate new skills which they take over implicit and explicit in daily actions. During their daily actions this leads to experiences of self-efficacy by increasing competent ways of acting, for example to cope with difficult situations in their life.

The relevance of the Feldenkrais Method in the clinical psychosomatic-therapeutic setting is investigated based on documentation protocols, which were made after individual instruction based on the symptoms of depression, somatoform pain disorders and anxiety disorders. The observed changes in behaviour and the development of action potentiality of the patients show that the method within the clinical-therapeutic settings can make an important contribution and can be targeted to optimize disfunctional self-control processes.

Out of the inductively gained variation possibilities concerning self-control skills, a questionnaire catalogue will be developed. It realizes the actual state of self-control capabilities and may serve as a basis for further quantitative studies for the evaluation of modifications concerning self-control processes. Allgemeines, Datenverarbeitungsmanagement, and Angewandte Informatik. The advent of widespread developments colloquially subsumed under the notion of data-intensive science poses challenges for data management and end-user applications.

The observed increase in volume, variety and number of data objects requires large data infrastructures used for research data management today to further automate their operating workflows. Not only in the Earth sciences, data infrastructures typically rely on distributed middleware services, which must become more scalable and provide more trustworthy and precise information.

A widely discussed approach for addressing these challenges is to employ persistent identifiers, traditionally used in the library sciences and scholarly publishing. Such identifiers give globally unique names to digital objects, making them referenceable and possibly accessible independent from their actual storage location.

They can also be used by both human and machine agents to retrieve essential state information about the objects. However, the concept of persistent identification has so far not evolved enough to adequately address data infrastructure challenges. Therefore, this thesis presents a conceptual framework for understanding persistent identifiers in this new context, facilitating solutions that unify access to state information and increase interoperability between distributed identifier systems.

Based on a formal model, the conceptual framework defines distinct classification criteria that clarify the differences between identifier usage scenarios and can shape suitable policies of identifier providers. To facilitate interoperability and support scenarios geared towards machine agents, the framework further advocates the use of types to structure state information and to construct digital object collections with unified operations. Existing solutions are shown to partially match the conceptual framework or be adequately extendable, and exemplary Earth science data management usage scenarios can be enabled through its mechanisms.

The framework contributes to ongoing international efforts to establish a coherent digital object infrastructure driven by practical needs. In the context of Linked Data, the framework can provide a foundational unification layer and foster the adoption of persistent identifiers for web-based applications. Im Rahmen von Entwicklungen unter dem Schlagwort der datenintensiven Wissenschaften ergeben sich neue Herausforderungen an die Verwaltung von Forschungsdaten.

Das Konzept persistenter Identifikatoren ist jedoch bisher nicht umfassend genug gewesen, um den Anforderungen von Dateninfrastrukturen angemessen zu begegnen. Im Zusammenhang mit Linked Data kann das Rahmenwerk ferner zu einer stabilen Basisschicht beitragen und den Einsatz von persistenten Identifikatoren in Webanwendungen erleichtern. Operations Research und Simulation in SmartFrame []. Die kumulative Dissertation beschreibt in 13 Fachartikeln die Entwicklung der innovativen, modularen virtuellen Lernumgebung SmartFrame vom didaktischen Konzept bis zur eigentlichen Umsetzung sowie Anwendung in unterschiedlichen Szenarien.

Der Bezug zum e-Learning und die damit einhergehende Verwendung innerhalb meiner kumulativen Promotion ist durch die Ausrichtung der Lerninhalte im Bereich Meta-Heuristiken gegeben und als Konzept Bestandteil von Fachartikeln. Solche Techniken analysieren die Ereignisdaten, die im Zuge der Transaktionsverarbeitung erzeugt werden. Der vorgestellte Algorithmus vereinigt die Kontrollfluss- und Datenflussperspektive. Enterprise resource planning ERP systems are key components in modern organizations to support and automate the operation of business processes.

Companies publish financial reports to inform stakeholders about the economic and financial performance of the organization. A major data source for preparing these reports is the data that is produced by ERP systems. Due to their important role in the economic system financial reports are audited by public accountants. Accounting scandals in recent years have shown that auditors have not been able to prevent these scandals or at least to indicate any violations before the actual collapse. An important part of financial audits is the audit of business processes and related internal controls.

The rationale for auditing business processes is the assumption that well-controlled business processes lead to complete and correct postings on the financial accounts. Despite the increasing integration of information technology for the automation of business processes public accountants primarily still use traditional and mostly manual audit procedures to carry out their process audits. These procedures are time-consuming and error-prone. The application of automated audit procedures would reduce this imbalance.

This thesis follows a design science-oriented research approach and introduces several artifacts that can be used to create business process models by using process mining techniques. Such techniques analyze the event log data that is recorded during the processing of business transactions. Several other presented artifacts are also useful for other application areas. The algorithm integrates the control flow and data flow perspective.

von: Datamonitor

It operates on different abstraction levels, creates precise and fitting process models, accepts unlabeled and non-linear event logs from ERP systems as input, and considers data relationships to infer the control flow. Its application can improve the analysis of business processes which is an important part in process audits. The automation of certain process audit procedures will most likely not prevent accounting scandals in the future. But it can be used to improve process audits and to set free resources from auditing standard business transactions that can then be spent on the auditing of non-standard transactions that commonly exhibit a much higher risk than standard transactions.

Charakterisierung von Interleukin als therapeutische Zielstruktur im Multiplen Myelom []. Ziel dieser Arbeit war daher, die biologische Funktion von IL in der malignen Plasmazelle zu identifizieren und zu untersuchen, inwiefern das Cytokin die Pathogenese des Multiplen Myeloms beeinflusst. Myelomzellen eines weit fortgeschrittenen Stadiums reagierten dabei am sensibelsten auf den Verlust von IL Durch die Identifizierung des tumorprogressiven Effekts von IL im Multiplen Myelom wurde die bekannte physiologische Funktion des Cytokins als chemotaktischer Faktor und Immunmodulator erstmals um die Relevanz im onkologischen Kontext erweitert.

Die vorgestellten Ergebnisse unterstreichen das Potential von IL, als eine therapeutisch relevante Zielstruktur in der Behandlung des Multiplen Myeloms zu fungieren. Multiple myeloma is a hematological malignancy, which emerges from a deregulated plasma cell located in the bone marrow. Even though several new and effective modes of therapy have been introduced for the treatment of myeloma, the disease is characterized by a high rate of relapses and therefore still considered incurable. Interestingly, IL expression levels correlate positively with the severity of the disease and a poor outcome of the patients.

Hence, the aim of the current study was to investigate whether the molecular function of IL is associated with the progression of myeloma. The first part of this study demonstrates that IL gene expression and IL protein biosynthesis is upregulated in myeloma cells. Further, a periodicity in its expression pattern could be observed which indicates a cyclic regulation of IL production. Myeloma cells demonstrated an aberrant and deregulated secretion of bioactive IL leading to highly increased levels of this cytokine in the extra cellular space.

Experiments investigating the activity of Caspase-3 and its correlation with processed and released IL suggested the abnormal IL secretion pattern is based on permanent basal activity of this protease. The majority of cells that were tested positive for intracellular IL expression were able to secrete the mature cytokine independently of external activation stimuli. The second part of the current study describes the development of a reliable knock down system for effective repression of IL production. Using this approach whole gene expression profiles of IL positive and IL negative myeloma cells were explored.

By comparing both groups it was shown that IL promotes the cell growth of myeloma cells. Furthermore, IL contributed to cell viability and inhibited tumor cell differentiation. Myeloma cells of advanced stages of the disease were affected most by the loss of IL expression. Additional analyses were performed to confirm gene expression profiles determined by micro array studies.

As indicated in the previous part, IL proved to be a contributing factor of myeloma cell proliferation. In particular, IL had an impact on cell cycle progression during S-phase-G2-phase transition. Furthermore, it upregulated important growth stimulating factors implicated in the pathogenesis of multiple myeloma. Additionally, the postulated positive effect of IL on cell viability was confirmed by functional assays.

Importantly, IL knock down was shown to dramatically reduce the clonogenic growth of myeloma precursor cells, which are suspected to be responsible for the high rate of relapses in myeloma patients. By identifying the strong effects of IL on the progression of multiple myeloma the well established function of IL as a chemotactic factor and immunomodulator could be extended in an oncological context for the first time.

These results underline its potential as a therapeutic target structure for the treatment of multiple myeloma. Kindle Cloud Reader Read instantly in your browser. Product details File Size: April 21, Language: Related Video Shorts 0 Upload your video. Customer reviews There are no customer reviews yet. Share your thoughts with other customers.

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