Outrageous Women of the American Frontier

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Outrageous Women of the American Frontier

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The frontier was occupied not only by indigenous people, but also by African Americans, Spanish colonialists and others of European descent, offering skeletal social networks for white explorers and settlers from the east. By tapping into these networks, they learned survival skills like how to find food and made alliances, often through marriage.

Outrageous Women of the American Frontier: Mary Rodd Furbee: - bahana-line.com

White frontiersmen often wed Native American women who could act as intermediaries, helping navigate the political, cultural and linguistic gulf between tribal ways and those of the white men. In fact, says Virginia Scharff, distinguished professor of history at the University of New Mexico, men could not have likely succeeded in these unknown lands without connections to indigenous communities—or without women, who provided networks, labor and children.

Families of settlers resting as they migrate across the plains of the American Frontier.

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Daniel Boone , one of the most celebrated folk heroes of the American frontier, renowned as a woodsman, trapper and a trailblazer. In several encounters, the tribal connections he had forged helped him save the lives of white cohorts the Indians wanted to kill. And with Boone traveling frequently, surveying land and blazing trails, his wife Rebecca provided much-needed stability and labor: Below, a look at several women who—while birthing babies, managing homes and businesses, and engaging in the political lives of their communities—quietly made their mark on the American frontier.

The daughter of a Mohawk chief in upstate New York and consort of a British dignitary, Molly Deganwadonti went on to become an influential Native American leader in her own right and a lifelong loyalist to the British crown before, during and after the American Revolution. Born in at a time when the Mohawk, part of the larger Iroquois federation of tribes, were increasingly subject to European influence, Molly grew up in a Christianized family.

In , at the age of 18, she accompanied a delegation of Mohawk elders to Philadelphia to discuss fraudulent land transactions—a moment that is cited as her first political activity. After his wife died, she became his mistress.

And although her race and class prevented them from being officially wed, they were common-law married and had nine children together. Johnson had acquired , acres of land in Mohawk Valley, and Molly, like other women of her time, came to manage a large and complex household, entertaining dignitaries both European and Indian.

Their partnership proved politically fruitful, giving Johnson a familial connection to the powerful Iroquois tribes and earning Molly, who hailed from a matrilineal clan, increasing prestige as an influential voice for her people. Known as a persuasive speaker, she is credited with convincing Iroquois leadership to fall in with the British camp. Throughout the war, she acted as a spy, passing intelligence about the movement of colonial forces to British forces, while providing shelter, food and ammunition to loyalists.

When they ended up on the losing side, Molly and her family fled for Canada, where she and other loyalists established the town of Kingston. After the war, the British paid her a pension for her services. Originally from Liverpool, England, Anne sailed to America at the age of 19, after both her parents died.

She eventually married a veteran frontiersman and soldier named Richard Trotter and settled in Staunton, Virginia. Richard, who joined the Virginia militia as tensions between frontiersmen and Native Americans grew, was killed in the Battle of Point Pleasant, West Virginia in late She dressed in buckskin pants and a petticoat, left her son with neighbors—and sought revenge. With rifle, hunting knife and tomahawk in hand, Anne became a scout and messenger recruiting volunteers to join the militia and sometimes delivering gunpowder to the soldiers.

She couriered messages between Point Pleasant and Lewisburg, West Virginia—a mile journey on horseback. Her most famous ride took place in After soldiers at Fort Lee got word that the Native Americans were planning to attack, and discovered that their gunpowder supply was desperately low, Anne galloped to the rescue.

She rode the miles to Lewisburg, where she switched horses, loaded up with gunpowder and rode back to Fort Lee. Anne remarried to John Bailey, a member of the Rangers, a legendary group of frontier scouts, in As the group worked to defend new settlements from Native American attacks, Mad Anne once again used her skills as a scout and courier.

1. MOLLY BRANT: Native American Diplomat and Spy

Daniel Boone rescuing his daughter Jemima from the Shawnee, after she and two other girls were abducted from near their settlement of Boonesboro, Kentucky. His daughter Jemima earned her own spot in the history books on July 14, Demonstrating their own knowledge of frontier ways, the quick-witted teens left trail markers as their captors took them away—bending branches, breaking off twigs and leaving behind leaves and berries.

Their rescue team, led by Daniel Boone himself, took just two days to follow the trail and retrieve the girls. The rescuers included Flanders Callaway, Samuel Henderson and Captain John Holder, each of whom later married one of the kidnapped girls.

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This event became such an integral part of frontier lore, author James Fenimore Cooper included it in his classic novel The Last of the Mohicans. Born in or in what is now Idaho, Sacagawea was a member of the Lemhi band of the Native American Shoshone tribe.

At the age of 12, she was kidnapped by a war party of Hidasta Indians enemies of the Shoshone and taken to their home in Hidatsa-Mandan villages, near modern-day Bismarck, North Dakota. Around , Sacagawea , along with other Shoshone women, was sold as a slave to the French-Canadian fur trader Toussaint Charbonneau. She soon became pregnant, giving birth to son Jean-Baptiste Charbonneau in February

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