Research Methods for Massage and Holistic Therapies - E-Book (Mosbys Massage Career Development)

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Qualitative massage-based research questions such as these could be of interest to researchers:. What process is used by manual therapists to develop palpatory competence? How do successful male massage therapists overcome perceived gender barriers in the massage profession? What value do occasional and regular therapeutic massage users ascribe to their treatments? How do therapeutic massage practitioners conceive of and use evidence in the context of their practice? As mentioned at the beginning, mixed methods research brings together quantitative and qualitative methods within a single study.

While theoretically it can involve any combination of the above methods, the qualitative methods used are often more simple, like the description methods.

Research Methods for Massage and Holistic Therapies

This section will begin with current examples of therapeutic massage mixed methods projects. The next sub-sections will detail the purpose and structural design considerations of mixed methods research. This section will conclude with two brief historical sections, to provide context to the development of mixed methods: Additional searching revealed three studies. To expand the examples available, we have included as well the Brazier study and our own project, which is currently being written up for publication, We are introducing these examples of mixed methods research in therapeutic massage here.

The lack of studies appears to suggest the use of mixed methods research for therapeutic massage is very limited, but likely simply represents a lack of familiarity with mixed methods research. As we will point out, this approach may be the best for capturing the essence of therapeutic massage interventions.

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Massage Therapy for People with Breast Cancer A poster presentation describing early results of research still under way in patients in the Washington, DC, area of the United States. The quantitative results were captured using questionnaires. Comments written on the questionnaires provided qualitative detail about the context of the questionnaire answers. A focus group to explore some results or issues was pending at the time of the poster presentation.

Quantitative questionnaires were used to monitor outcomes of massage treatments on patients of massage therapist trainees. Qualitative interviews explored the individual patient and community effects of providing a massage therapy training program for Aboriginals in Hopevale, Australia. The quantitative component documented the training and practice demographics of therapeutic massage practitioners in Alberta, Canada. Practitioners with training in multiple therapies were interviewed, exploring the many influences of multiple training on daily practice.

Qualitative Research

An Efficacy Study Patients from a locale in Washington State, United States, were randomized to either a body-oriented therapy treatment approach or a massage therapy—only routine. Outcomes were measured using standardized questionnaires. One questionnaire had open-ended questions in response to which participants could write descriptive answers. In this study, participants in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, who received the intervention exhibited negative effects according to the quantitative measures. Interviews were planned to gain an understanding of the effects and value of the program from participants.

Based in part on Morse 23 , Sandelowski cautions us to watch for inappropriate reasons used to justify a mixed methods approach Mixed-methods research should never be used [when the purpose is based on] the misguided assumptions that more is better, that it is the fashionable thing to do, or In , Greene, Caracelli, and Graham published a study 3 in which they identified five primary theoretical purposes for employing mixed method research designs Table 3.

Purposes of Mixing Methods in a Research Study. In , Bryman published a similar review He recognized sixteen different reasons for studies to be undertaken, but acknowledged that those categories simply provided a more nuanced understanding of the five categories outlined by Greene et al. To that end, Plano Clark and Creswell exhort researchers to be methodical, starting at the planning stage In studying the purposes of mixed methods projects, Bryman and the Greene group both found many mismatches between the stated goals and purposes of published studies and what was actually done in those studies 3 , Although the mismatching may partly reflect a lack of readily available mixed methods guidance at the time of the studies, it likely also reflects how a research project may become more complex than originally planned.

Surprising results may encourage a change to a mixed methods design to help understand the results, as in the Brazier study. In preplanned mixed methods projects, results from one component may change a planned research component or analysis. Perceiving the project purpose may take a while and can be aided by considering the structural components of mixed methods projects.

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Massage Therapy for People with Breast Cancer Design, Data Collection, Interpretation. Contemp Nurse ; 23 1: Refresh and try again. No trivia or quizzes yet. Biological psychology and learning theories.

The first structural consideration is whether the quantitative and qualitative components occur sequentially or concurrently 3 , 4 , 7 , Studies that require the results of one section to begin the next section use sequential designs; the research components in concurrent designs can be run independently of one another. Several writers describe sequencing as occurring only in time—for example, the descriptions by Onwuegbuzie and Johnson of the conditions of concurrent and sequential designs p.

However, our study on the effects of training for therapeutic massage treatment decision-making is conceptually concurrent the research into one component was not required to inform the second component , but we ran it sequentially for two reasons:. We wanted the option of using the interviews to clarify any unexpected questionnaire results.

Larger studies may have multiple sequential components within which there may be single quantitative or qualitative or concurrent research projects. Studies may not focus equally on the results of both the quantitative and qualitative components 3 , 4 , 7 , Often, especially in sequential studies, quantitative data are used to help explain the qualitative results, or vice versa.

The choice of the predominate method type depends on the framing of the research question. The notation of UPPER CASE predominant component and lower case subordinate component , combined with an arrow sequence or plus sign concurrent is now commonly used to represent the priority and the sequencing of the qualitative qual or quantitative quan component. Table 4 shows how the notation is used for the various possible priority combinations. This succinct method of notation was originally presented by Janice Morse in The research question or questions and the theoretical framework used to construct the questions will indicate whether the overall project has a quantitative or qualitative priority and theoretic perspective, and whether sequential or concurrent components, or both, will be needed to answer the questions.

Teddlie and Tashakkori point out in their article on the complexity of mixed methods designs that, sometimes, the priority or weighting of a study will shift later in the research process The progression of a research study can be visualized as a sequence of project steps; integration can occur at any of these sequence points. At its most basic, this sequence is. Numerous authors have commented on these points of integration 2 , 4 , 7 , Fully integrated studies begin with conceptualization of the study, because issues of design, research question development, and literature review should also be developed from a mixed methods perspective.

Different purposes, sequencing, and priority will encourage integration at different points of the research sequence 4 , 7 , Projects with development, complementarity, and triangulation purposes may begin integration at the data collection stage such as from comments on questionnaires. All project purposes easily accommodate integration at the interpretation stage. Concurrent studies are more able to integrate at any point along the sequence; sequential studies begin integration when the results or interpretation from the first component are used to begin the next.

Closely linked with sequencing, priority may affect how integration occurs: Is a transformation of quantitative data to qualitative data, or qualitative interviews into a questionnaire, being done at the point of data collection or of analysis 30? Is the lower-priority component meant to help the analysis or interpretation of the higher-priority component? Studies that compare, contrast, develop, or explore how the data from each research component enhances the understanding of another component can integrate at more than one point 2 , 4 , 7 , The research components of purpose, sequencing, priority, and integration will now be identified within the mixed methods research examples previously listed.

For each study we have listed the sequencing, priority, and purpose in the first boxes of each table. The qualitative component provided some clinically relevant and persuasive material. Design, Data Collection, Interpretation. Revealing and comprehending this broad framework shows the power of mixed methods research.

The interviews documented that, in normal practice, treatment decisions are made throughout practice and draw on all the clinical skills, training, and experience that the practitioner has amassed. Integrating the two at analysis and interpretation highlights some of the difficulties in assuming that a standardized treatment occurs during research, even with explicit treatment protocols.

Purpose appears to be primarily for triangulation, but results also show some complementarity. Patients were randomized to either a body-oriented therapy approach or a massage therapy—only routine. Design, Data collection, Interpretation. Purpose appears to be initiation explore unexpected findings.

In this study, the participants who received the intervention exhibited negative and stressful effects according to the quantitative measures. Yet those effects were fully explained and understood to be positive experiences through the qualitative component.

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The process of developing and feeling greater self-awareness is not always a comfortable or easy one. How It Is Applied: Qualitative studies are often used to help refine a questionnaire so as to increase questionnaire response and accuracy. Studies achieve this result by ensuring that the language in the questionnaire is both relevant to, and best understood by, the population being studied.

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Qualitative studies may also be used to decide which issues are most important to address through a questionnaire sent to a larger population. Clinical Neuropsychology and Technology. Understanding and Treating Schizophrenia.

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Disponibile in Russia Acquista da: Russia per comprare questo prodotto. Aggiungi al carrello Acquista ora Aggiungi alla lista desideri Rimuovi dalla Wishlist. Accommodates the March mandate from the Commission on Massage Therapy Accreditation COMTA that massage therapy schools incorporate into their curricula provisions to ensure a research literate profession. Examples and techniques for interpreting research guide practitioners and students to be knowledgeable readers of massage therapy research, allowing application to practice.

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