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You must be logged in to Tag Records. How does European Union enlargement affect social cohesion? Searle Importance and satisfaction with life domains in Croatia: In the Library Request this item to view in the Library's reading rooms using your library card. Details Collect From YY YY hbk Main Reading Room.
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Series: Social Indicators Research Series (Book 29); Hardcover: pages; Publisher: Springer; edition (November 28, ); Language: English. Social Indicators Research Series Advancing Quality of Life in a Turbulent World How Does European Union Enlargement Affect Social Cohesion? Keck .
Can I get a copy? Can I view this online? Similar Items Quality of life and the millennium challenge: Megaw Quality of life: The MLRA simultaneously evaluated the effects of neighbourhood-level indicators Townsend score and Gini coefficient and individual-level indicators crime experience, social capital, health status, unemployment, income, and demographics on subjective well-being at the individual level. Neighbourhood-level socioeconomic status appears to be a significant indicator of subjective well-being Townsend score: In sum, individuals appear to have higher reported levels of subjective well-being when their neighbourhood is less deprived when measured with the Townsend deprivation score.
Income inequality within the neighbourhood was less influential for subjective well-being outcomes in our population. Unemployment and neighbourhood crime did not emerge as significant indicators for subjective well-being. The explained variance is 8. This article has presented cross-sectional evidence for the correlated nature of subjective well-being at the individual and neighbourhood levels.
The key findings of this study are as follows. First, the Townsend deprivation score is a statistically significant indicator of subjective well-being.
People living in more deprived areas report lower subjective well-being. Neighbourhood income inequality was not found to be statistically significant indicators of subjective well-being. These differences may be related to the scale of analysis. For example, compared to the national level of inequality in South Africa 0.
The Gini coefficients of the 20 neighbourhoods in our Eastern Cape suburb ranged from 0. Investigation of a larger region with more pronounced neighbourhood income inequalities may produce different results. Second, social capital, marital status, health and income were strongly associated with subjective well-being. Third, in contrast with previous single-level subjective well-being studies that have consistently found a negative association with unemployment Clark and Oswald ; Hoorn , the variable did not emerge as a statistically significant indicator in our MLRA.
The effect, however, could be minimized by the Townsend deprivation score and the income variable. In our correlation analysis, unemployment did significantly correlate with subjective well-being. Fourth, the demographic indicators of educational level, age, and gender did not statistically significantly affect individual-level subjective well-being in our study. However, univariate regression analysis showed that education correlated with subjective well-being.
The effect of education in the MLRA may also be partly minimized by income and the Townsend deprivation score. Our research is not without limitations. The cross-sectional design hampered our ability to capture neighbourhood dynamics and draw causal inferences. Although it is not possible to determine the direction of the association, our results establish a significant association, an important step that prompts further study to identify directionality.
We were unable to take into account the impact of residential changes and the cumulative effects of the socioeconomic environment over time. Our study was restricted to a single Eastern Cape suburb, perhaps limiting the applicability of our findings, but given the many areas with similar neighbourhood characteristics that exist in African developing countries, our study is likely to be applicable elsewhere. To our knowledge, we are the first to use MLRA in the investigation of subjective well-being.
Beyond Politics and Spectacle: Abstract Our study used multilevel regression analysis to identify individual- and neighbourhood-level factors that determine individual-level subjective well-being in Rhini, a deprived suburb of Grahamstown in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa. The effect, however, could be minimized by the Townsend deprivation score and the income variable. Dimensions of well-being and their measurement: This has not been investigated, however, and further research is necessary to establish the association Oswald
Our results therefore need confirmation, especially using data from similar African areas. In conclusion, the study demonstrated high degrees of explained variance at neighbourhood level. We highlighted the role of context for subjective well-being, and suggested that subjective well-being outcomes may also be defined in ecological terms. We identified multilevel factors that are associated with subjective well-being for people living in health- and economically-deprived areas and believe the findings are useful for implementing programs and interventions designed to achieve greater subjective well-being.
Research shows that subjective well-being fuels individual differences in resilience that affect health outcomes Fredrickson These resources allow people to achieve well-being in multiple ways, as they can substitute one resource for another Nieboer and Lindenberg ; Nieboer et al. It is therefore important that programs aimed at one resource e. Subjective well-being promotes physical health and longevity and as such the indicators of subjective well-being found in this study need to be protected.
Healthy people, in turn, are more productive in economic and social terms and thus contribute to overall economic and social development.
The views expressed in the paper are those of the authors. Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author s and source are credited. Europe PMC requires Javascript to function effectively. The snippet could not be located in the article text.
This may be because the snippet appears in a figure legend, contains special characters or spans different sections of the article. Published online Jan Cramm , 1 V. Accepted Sep This article has been cited by other articles in PMC. Abstract Our study used multilevel regression analysis to identify individual- and neighbourhood-level factors that determine individual-level subjective well-being in Rhini, a deprived suburb of Grahamstown in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa.
Multilevel regression analysis, Neighbourhood socioeconomic status, Deprived communities, Subjective well-being, South Africa. Introduction In recent years, scholars in a wide range of disciplines have attempted to define, measure and analyze well-being in various contexts Hoorn Contextual Neighbourhood-Level Indicators of Individual Subjective Well-Being Absolute level of income is not the only relevant economic variable Wilkinson and Pickett have concluded that subjective well-being tends to be lower in societies where relative income differences are larger.
Compositional Individual-Level Indicators of Subjective Well-Being Factors of demography, income, unemployment, health, and social capital are potential indicators of subjective well-being Ahuvia and Friedman ; Andrews and Withey ; Campbell et al. Methods Participants and Sampling This study applied a neighbourhood-stratified sampling design.
Data Analysis Our data analysis sought to verify the impact of contextual neighbourhood- and compositional individual-level effects on individual subjective well-being. Open in a separate window. Neighbourhood Townsend score Gini coefficient 1 2. Discussion This article has presented cross-sectional evidence for the correlated nature of subjective well-being at the individual and neighbourhood levels.
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