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Liberalism Divided: A Study in British Political Thought 1914-1939

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Alexa Actionable Analytics for the Web. AmazonGlobal Ship Orders Internationally. Amazon Inspire Digital Educational Resources. Amazon Rapids Fun stories for kids on the go. Amazon Restaurants Food delivery from local restaurants. ComiXology Thousands of Digital Comics. New York, Cornell, , Turkey and Iran 2. Egypt and the Arab States 3. Political Zionism and the State of Israel Questions for Consideration Where and under what circumstances did nationalist movements first arise in the Middle East?

What has been the relationship between nationalism and insurgency? Describe the nationalist movement in various Middle Eastern countries Turkey. Iran, Egypt, Israel, Syria, for example in terms of organization, leader ship ideology, tactics and effectiveness- in achieving independence. Has Lhc movement been -as el IVcLlvf. Where does Zionism stand in Israel today? What do these choices tel3 you about national values? The United States and the Ar.

The Challenge to Traditional Values 1. The Ideological Challenge Questions for Consideration What, in your opinion, is the basic ideological current in the Middle East ' today.? Cite examples here and there in the area. Who are the outstanding writers and thinkers today? What is their ideological orientation?

Cite the major newspapers and political journals.

To what extent has Islam and other religious traditions proved a barrier to the newer secular ideologies? Comprehensive work on subject. Hurewitz, Middle East Politics: Sharabi, Arab Intellectuals and the West: Excellent brief history by a British authority. The Carriers of Change 1. The Educated Classes 2. Is there any evidence of a division within the military, either along lines of rank, politics or Ideology?

Who are the outstanding political leaders, Inside, or outside the Government? What are their Ideological orientations? In general what have been the channels of Ideological change In various Middle Eastern countries? Excellent popular treatment by a Princeton sociologist. Basic work on subjects J. Arab Unity Questions for Consideration To what extent. What particular problems have Communist Parties faced In attempting to expand. To what extent have these been overcome and by what methods? What were the Soviet motives?

How were they countered? When and how did Soviet Influence penetrate Egypt and other Arab countries? What has been the extent and distribution of Soviet and Chinese aid to Middle "Eastern countries? How does it compare with that of the United States? In what specific ways does Communism represent an internal and external threat in various Middle Eastern countries — Turkey, Iran, Egypt, for Instance?

To what extent is the socalled ideological revolution in the Middle East to be traced to Western influences? To Soviet or Chinese influences? To what extent do ideological considerations determine foreign or domestic politics? What Is the impact of the technological upon the ideological revolution? How does the ideological revolution in the Middle East differ from ideological changes in the West? Elsewhere in the world? C, Middle East Institute, , pp. Modernization of the Arab World Princeton, D.

The Persian Gulf Area: Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, etc. The Processes of Change 4. The Technological Impact 5. The Prospects Questions for Consideration What particular important differences or slmf. What significance can be attached to these differences or similarities. In terms of societies as affected by and reflected In the polities, the kids of problems or political develcpmant which will be encounnered, and the ef- fect upon known economic development within these various units, as well as the effect upon the relations among these units?

In accord with what characteristics may one engage in an analysis of the viability, and the capacity or likelihood for change, of these more "tradltiohal" ftocietles? In "traditional" society, and especially in states arising from the former Otto- man Empire, the channels for transmission of vaUes were the Uleoa, the military and the civil servants, who came to constitute the conservative, educated classes.

To what extent are these visible, influential or even de- cisive factors present not only in the society and economy, but in the polities of today? To what extent do they appear now capable of ordering the value systems of oncoming generations? Excellent history by competent scholar. The "Moderate" Regimes 1. Lebanon, Jordan, Tunisia 2. The Differing Systems 3. The Varying Processes of Change questions for Consideration What are those traditional or external elements of a societal, cultural, pol- itical, religious or economic nature, which may cause and characterize the "moderateness" of the socalled "moderate" states?

What appear to be the criteria for judgment In these matters? What are the differences, basically. In the experience and development of socle ties like those in Lebanon, Jordan, and Tunisia? What distinctive qualities or characteristics, if any, which set off the socalled "moderate" from the more "radical" societies?

Politics in Lebanon New York, Wiley, , Seven- teen essays on Lebanese politics. Comprehensive study of Lebanese politics. Indiana Uni- versity, , pp. Improbable Nation Bloomlngton, Indiana University, , pp. By a well-known British writer. The "Radical" Regimes 1. Critical of the Nasser regime. Majid Khadduri, Republican Iraq: Authoritative study by a British observer. Torrey, Syrian Politics and the Military. Ohio State University, , pp. The Critical Postwar Years, 3. March 12, 19A7 4. The Cyprus Problem 6. What was the impact of Nazi-Fascist occupation on Greece during and after the conflict?

To what extent was Communism a threat to Greece during the period immediately following the war? Was it an effective role? What was the American role in Greece during the immediate postwar period? Would you consider the Truman Doctrine effective in Greece during this period?

What are the wider implications of the doctrine? Discuss the basic elements in the Cyprus problem. To what extent is the problem a result of national conflict? What do you suggest as possible "solutions" of the problem? It has been suggested' that the Greek people often go from one extreme to the other. Discuss this proposition in the light of the period immediately prior to and after the advent of the Colonels in April Analyze the position of Greece in this connection. I Suggested Readings Thomas W.

Adams and Alvin J. Focuses on problem of Communism. Examination of development in postwar period. The Greek side of the problem, well researched and w.

Liberalism Divided: A Study in British Political Thought 1914-1939

Basic work on the subject. World War II and After 6. The Coup d'etat of and the ''Second Republic" 7. What has been the role of the military in the Turkish Republic? What has been the essential impact of the Turkish Revolution upon other countries and peoples of the Middle East? What now seem to be the prospects of further social, political and economic change within Turkey? It has been observed that "Turkey faces West.

Do they still hold today? Most recent, comprehensive biography. Basic study of subject. Writings of the Turkish nationalist ideologue. Ex- cellent suwnary treatment. Well-balanced study of Turkish politics. Essays of the Turkish ideologue. Tliird edition of a standard work. White Revolution in Iran 1. The Course of Change in the Intexwar Period: The Shah and the Reform Movement in Iran 4.

The Problem of Iranian Oil 5. Iran as a Stabilizing Influence in the Middle East 6. What is the significance of this identity? Compare with Turkey, Egypt and the various Arab states and people. With those of Atatllrk in Turkey. What has been the role of modem technology in reform and change in Iren? What has voeen the role of the various elements in society — the army, the civil ser- vice, the Muslim clergy, the merchant class, the lands, etc?

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"This is a solidly based study which will be useful to historians and political scientists bahana-line.comn's analysis provides us with a more detailed account of this. This book explores liberalism in Britain from to It looks at the impact of the war and post-war period on liberalist thought. It contends that major British .

What, in your view, are the prospects of Iran for the future? Peter Avery, Modem Iran. New York, Praeger, , pp. Excellent one volume study. Ramazani, The Nor them Tier: Backgrounds of the State of Israel 1. The Ancient Heritage 2. The Palestine Mandate and its Problems B. Establishment of the State of Israel 1. The Arab-Israel Conflict 3. Israel and its Problems 1.

The Character of Eretz Israel: Its Position in the Middle East 2. The Basic Political Problems: Israel and Zionism 3. The Basic Economic Problems: The Basic Cultural Problems: The Oriental Jews 5.

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Examine the validity of this, proposition. It has also been suggested that peace in the Middle East is doubtful as long as Israel remains an ''exclusivist," Zionist, Jewish state, since Israeli and Arab interests are irreconcilable. To what extent does this appear to be true?

Michael Freeden

New York, Praeger, , pp. The Land, Sea and Air Routes: Useful; should oe read with care. The American Foreign Policy Library. Examines Bourbuigism and Socialist Destour Party.

What appear to be the well-springs of conflict, within the societal, economic and political patterns of Israel and of the Arab nations, and to what 'extent are these influenced by interests, actions and influences of outside nations, such as the United States and the Soviet Union? What appear to be the outlines of a settlement, which would fairly treat with the interests of Israel and the various Arab states? Suggested Readinp ;s Uri Avnery'.

By a non-Zionist Israeli journalist. Campbell, "The Arab-Israeli Conflict: The Search for Just ice London pp. Useful handbook on Israeli politics. Beirut, Institute for Palestine Studies, The Arab -lsr;iol Conflict 1. The Backgrounds of Conflict 2. The Continuation of Conflict 3.

What are the cultural, religious, political and secular roots of the Arab- Israel conflict concerning Palestine? Similarly trace the problem of the Arab refugees. How serious is this problem? Connect it with the radicalization of Arab politics and the intensification of Palestinian nationalism. What should be the proper role of the United States in the Arab-Israel conflict? Of the United Nations? Brief account, pro- Israel in approach.

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Bril- liant and profound analysis, by a French sociologist. Comprehensive, sympathetic to Israel. By the former U. Consul General in Jerusalem. The Cyprus Conflict 1. The Backgrounds of the Cyprus Problem 2. How would- you go about finding "solutions" of this question? Trace something of the American interest in the problem of Cyprus. Why has the United States been so closely involved iu recent years?

Analyze the problem of enosis in connection with the Cyprus problem. Would you regard enosis as a "solution" of the problem? To what extent, in your view, is the Government of Cyprus interested in it? The Government of Greece? Analyze the Turkish "solution" of the problem of Cyprus. To what extent is the Government of Turkey interested in it? What should be the proper roie of the United States in this problem?

Suggested Readings Thomas W. Focuses primarily on problems relating to Communism on Cyprus. Gaus, , pp. Views of a scholar of Turkish. A Greek view, based on archival and published sources. The Middle East in Ferment ' 1. The Role of Technology in Ferment and Change 4. The Upshot in the Middle East Questions for. Consi deration What are the basic elements in ferment and change in the Middle East?

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Of modern science and technology? To what extent has the Palestine issue served to bring about the ferment in the Middle East? To what extent has it served to "radicalize" Arab politics? What are the other factors? To what extent have external influences—great power politics, for example played a role in the changing scene in the Middle East?

Granted the flux and change in the Middle East as an enduring condition, what do you consider the possibilities of peaceful adjustment? Suggested Readings Sydney N. Useful; should oe read with care. Benjamin Rivlin and Joseph S. Van Nostrand, , The American Coiranercial Aspirations: The Problem of the Straits A. Trace the development of American interest and policy and examine the proposition critically. Examine the character of the American missionary-educational-philanthropic enterprise in the Middle East and give a reasoned estimate of its sig- nificance.

Similarly trace the development of the American commercial interest in the Middle East. To what extent, if any, did the United States have any politico-strategic interest in the period prior to World War I? To what extent, if any, did the American missionary-educational enterprise influence United States policy in the Middle East? Suggested Readings John S. Badeau and Georgiana G. Stevens, Bread from Stones: Scholarly treatment of the missionary-educa- tional enterprise in the Middle East, which ranges from Greece and the Balkan area to the Turkish and Arab portions of the area.

Excellent for delineation of long-standing and wide-ranging American interest. The American heritage in the Middle East. A Fest- schrift for Frederick B. An Economic Inter- pretation Philadelphia. Based on archival and published materials. Un iversity of Minnesota. Tibawi, American Interests in Sv ria.

Based on archival and published sources. During the interwar period of ? What, was the King-Crane Commission? What were its basic recommendations concerning peace in the Middle East? Discuss the evolution of American policy relative to the Middle East from Sevres to the Lausanne Conference of , What were the primary elements in the development of American policy? To what extent was the problem of oil a factor? What were the primary considerations in American policy during the period of the Montreux. Suggested Readings John A. A well balanced study of Amer- ican policy relative to the partition of the Ottoman Empire.

A study of the problem of Armenia and of the question of an American mandate, with all appropriate background. Howard, The King-Crane Commission: A documented study of the origins of the Commission, its investigations, and of its proposals for peace in the Middle East during ; American policy down to and including.

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The dissolution of the Ottoman Empire. Thomas and Richard U. Another early volume in the American Foreign Policy Library. The Truman Doctrine The Enduring Politico-Strategic Interest 4. The American Concern in the Palestine Problem: American Assistance Programs in the Middle East 7. The Essential American Interests: In the areas of conflict?

What of the Soviet Union and other Powers? In the Palestine issue, where do the national interests of the United States lie, for what reasons, and to what extent, and how should this factor affect current American policy toward the conflict? Is it possible at all to say that modern technology is so far advanced, parti cularly in the military sense, that the Middle East is no longer of vital importance, because of its location, or because of its resources?

In general, are the proclaimed objectives of American policies in the area- peace, security and orderly change—realizable? What are the formal American politico-military commitments in the Eastern Mediterranean and the Middle East as a whole? In the area of the Arab- Israel conflict? Trace the development of American security policy in the Middle East from the period of the Truman Doctrine to the Eisenhower Doctrine , Would you consider the assumptions on which the Doctrines were based as valid then and today?

A study prepared by a working party. Highly respon- sible contribution to the problem of peace in the Arab-Israel conflict, John S. Excellent con- tribution to the consideration of American policy in the Middle East. Analyses of aspects of Soviet-American rivalry. C, American Enterprise Institute, , pp. Useful, brief study of aspects of American interest and policy.

C, , 18 pp. Harvard, Cambridge, , pp. Another volume in the American Foreign Policy Library. Covers historical, political and social developments and relations of Arab world with the United States. The American Foreign Policy Library. Good on economy and defense, weak on relations with United States, Georgiana G. Excellent compendium, comprehensive in treatment. Annual after as Current Documents. Edited in the Historical Office of the Department of State. Indispensable for consideration of Amer- ican policy in the Middle East and other areas.

The last volume to appear published in Public statements of policy and a selection of documents. Report of the Secretary of State Washington, D. Documents and statements, with substantial coverage of Middle East policy. A New Strategy for Peace.