MCAT Chemistry Review Questions Naming Ionic Compounds
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MCAT Chemistry Review Questions Naming Ionic Compounds - Kindle edition by MCAT REVIEW. Download it once and read it on your Kindle device, PC. Practice naming ionic compounds when given the formula. Problem. What is the systematic name of the following compound? Do 7 problems. Check.
And remember, it's more about application of knowledge, than straight up memorization of knowledge. Go back and review. Mnemonic devices are patterns series of letters, the tune of your favorite song that help you memorize. For example, some people remember the definitions of the sine, cosine, and tangent of an acute angle in a right triangle by this mnemonic: The letters stand for the following: This mnemonic device involves imagining that you are moving through a familiar route or place, such as the rooms of your childhood home, and at various stops along the way leaving a visual representation of a topic you want to remember.
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This will allow us to determine electron equivalents, balance equations, and deduce chemical formulas from nomenclature. This rule does not always hold true for elements like hydrogen, which can act like an anion or cation but is still classified as a nonmetal, as shown in Figure 4. Oxidation States of Hydrogen.
The distance between nuclei in ionic bonds is inversely proportional to the force. Therefore, ionic compounds with long bond distances are much more weakly held together.
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For elements usually metals that can form more than one positive ion, the charge is indicated by a Roman numeral in parentheses following the name of the element. Monatomic anions are named by dropping the ending of the name of the element and adding — ide. When an element forms two oxyanions, the name of the one with less oxygen ends in — ite , and the one with more oxygen ends in — ate.
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In extended series of oxyanions, prefixes are also used. However, it is still important to understand the nomenclature for discrete questions. Ionic species, by definition, have charge.
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Cations have positive charge, and anions have negative charge. Some elements are only found naturally in their charged forms, while others may exist naturally in the charged or uncharged state. Remember that alkali metals are not typically found in nature in their uncharged state because they are highly reactive with moisture.
Instead, they are found as cations in salts like NaCl. Nonmetals, which are found on the right side of the Periodic Table, generally form anions.
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For example, all the halogens Group VIIA or Group 17 form monatomic anions with a charge of —1 because they already have 7 electrons and aim to fill an octet. As such, they tend to gain electrons in order to reduce this oxidation number and thus make good oxidizing agents.
For nonrepresentative elements like many of the transition metals, such as copper, iron, and chromium, there are numerous positively charged states. These states need not be memorized. Experimentally, the color of a solution can be indicative of the oxidation state of a given element in the solution.