El sentido tras el dolor corporal - Psicoanálisis, enfermedad psicosomática y esperanza (Spanish Edi

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US versus CT measurements; Valutazione della distribuzione del tessuto adiposo addominale nei bambini obesi. Confronto tra ecografia e Tomografia Computerizzata. Clinica Pediatrica; Campani, R. Computed Tomography CT and, more recently, ultrasound US , have proved excellent tools for quantifying adipose tissue distribution. Body fat distribution is an important factor in the treatment of obesity and its complications. In this work it is investigated the correlation between CT and US measurements in pediatric obesity. Forty obese children and adolescents aged 4. The rectus muscle-spine and rectus muscle-aorta distances, as indicative of visceral fat thickness, were measured on US images with out compression.

The distance between skin fat and fat-rectus muscle interfaces was measured as subcutaneous fat thickness. US-CT findings have been compared with other morphometric variables-i. No correlation was found between overweight, as calculated by body mass index, and CT or US fat. In conclusions, the findings indicate that US is as useful as CT in evaluating body fat distribution in pediatric obesity. La compartimentazione del grasso corporeo ha, infatti, importanti implicazioni per il trattamento dell'obesita' e delle sue complicanze.

Scopo dello studio e' stato quello di correlare i risultati ottenuti con la TC con quelli ecografici nella valutazione dell'obesita' del paziente pediatrico. Quaranta bambini obesi con eta' compresa tra 4,1 e The aim of this report, is to validate the Angio-CT technique with three-dimentional reconstruction as a preoperative planning tool, after comparison with Doppler ultrasound and color- Duplex.

Between january and march , we studied 11 consecutive patients 13 DIEP in whom a prospective comparative followed up was performed comparing, the findings observed using. In children with sickle cell anemia, the risk of ischemic stroke varies according to genotype of hemoglobinopathy.

In these cases, determining the velocity of blood flow by transcranial Doppler TCD can predict the occurrence of cerebral ischemia. The age rate of children was Studio del comportamento di agenti di contrasto in campi ultracustici per tecniche di ecografia diagnostica. Hemodynamic effects of a prostacyclin analog Prostavasin in systemic sclero-derma patients; Effetti di un analogo della prostaciclina Prostavasin sui parametri Doppler nei pazienti con sclerodermia. Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona Italy. Il gruppo di studio GS e composto da 50 pazienti affetti da sclerodermia con anamnesi negativa per malattie cerebrovascolari, epatopatie, nefropatie e oftalmopatie.

In tutti i pazienti e stata studiata la vasodilatazione endotelio-mediata dell'arteria brachiale tramite la misurazione del diametro trasverso con sonda ad alta risoluzione; sono stati anche misurati l'indice di resistenza IR delle arterie cerebrale media, centroretinica, epatica propria, mesenterica superiore e renali, in condizioni basali e dopo tre giorni di terapia. AI fine di valutare la variabilita intra-osservatore delle misurazioni, e stato reclutato un gruppo di controllo GC composto da 10 volontari sani che sono stati studiati con il medesimo protocollo Doppler e rivalutati a distanza di tre giorni senza ricevere alcuna terapia.

Il GS ha dimostrato un significativo incremento della dilatazione endotelio-mediata dell'arteria brachiale, del diametro e della velocita media di flusso portale, dell'IP dell'arteria splenica all'ilo pre-Prostavasin vs post-Prostavasin, p Doppler Tomography.

I review the method of Doppler tomography which translates binary-star line profiles taken at a series of orbital phases into a distribution of emission over the binary. I begin with a discussion of the basic principles behind Doppler tomography, including a comparison of the relative merits of maximum entropy regularisation versus filtered back-projection for implementing the inversion. Following this I discuss the issue of noise in Doppler images and possible methods for coping with it.

Then I move on to look at the results of Doppler Tomography applied to cataclysmic variable stars. The latter indirectly reveals such effects as shadowing by the accretion disc or stream. I discuss all of these and finish with some musings on possible future directions for the method. At the end I include a tabulation of Doppler maps published in refereed journals. A Doppler ultrasonographic study. Full Text Available Objetivo: Doppler -ultrasound assessment of the splanchnic hemodynamic effects of intravenous somatostatin and octreotide administration.

In baseline and at 15, 30, 45 and 60 minutes of infusion, mean velocity, congestion index, flow volume and diameter of the portal vein, as well as the superior mesenteric artery resistivity index, were measured. Plasma bradykinine and vasoactive intestinal peptide VIP concentrations were also measured at baseline and at 30 and 60 minutes. This chapter examines Doppler -free saturation spectroscopy, tunable cw sources, and Doppler -free two-photon spectroscopy. Discusses saturation spectroscopy; continuous wave saturation spectroscopy in the ultraviolet; and two-photon spectroscopy of atomic hydrogen 1S-2S.

Focuses on Doppler -free laser spectroscopy of gaseous samples. Explains that in saturation spectroscopy, a monochromatic laser beam ''labels'' a group of atoms within a narrow range of axial velocities through excitation or optical pumping, and a Doppler -free spectrum of these selected atoms is observed with a second, counterpropagating beam. Notes that in two-photon spectroscopy it is possible to record Doppler -free spectra without any need for velocity selection by excitation with two counterpropagating laser beams whose first order Doppler shifts cancel.

Doppler flowmetry in preeclampsia. The purpose of this study was to summarize the new published data on the Doppler flowmetry in preeclampsia. We summarize the new published data on the Doppler flowmetry in uteroplacental, fetoplacental and fetal circulation in preeclampsia. The present review summarized the results of clinical research on the Doppler flowmetry in the screening of risk of preclampsia, in the diagnosis of preclampsia and in the fetal risk in preclampsia Ref.

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Doppler ultrasound exam of an arm or leg. Differential doppler heterodyning technique. Measuring velocity without disturbing the moving object is possible by use of the laser doppler heterodyning technique. Theoretical considerations on the doppler shift show that the antenna property of the photodetector can solve an apparent conflict between two different ways of calculating Doppler ultrasound monitoring technology. Developments in the signal processing of Doppler ultrasound used for the detection of fetal heart rate FHR have improved the operation of cardiotocographs.

These developments are reviewed and the advantages and disadvantages of the various Doppler and signal processing methods are compared. Discusses the learning needs of students in the concrete operational stage in mathematics. Identifies the phenomenon of reduced cognitive performance in an out-of-class environment as the "Cognitive Doppler. Ultrasonic colour Doppler imaging. Ultrasonic colour Doppler is an imaging technique that combines anatomical information derived using ultrasonic pulse-echo techniques with velocity information derived using ultrasonic Doppler techniques to generate colour-coded maps of tissue velocity superimposed on grey-scale images of tissue The most common use of the technique is to image the movement of blood through the heart, arteries and veins, but it may also be used to image the motion of solid tissues such as the heart walls.

Colour Doppler imaging is now provided on almost all commercial ultrasound machines, and has been This review briefly introduces the principles behind colour Doppler imaging and describes some clinical applications. It then describes the basic components of conventional colour Doppler systems and the methods used to derive velocity information from the ultrasound signal. Next, a number of new A Doppler radar flowmeter comprises a transceiver which produces an audio frequency output related to the Doppler shift in frequency between radio waves backscattered from particulate matter carried in a fluid and the radiated radio waves.

A variable gain amplifier and low pass filter are provided for amplifying and filtering the transceiver output. A frequency counter having a variable triggering level is also provided to determine the magnitude of the Doppler shift. A calibration method is disclosed wherein the amplifier gain and frequency counter trigger level are adjusted to achieve plateaus in the output of the frequency counter and thereby allow calibration without the necessity of being able to visually observe the flow.

Steerable Doppler transducer probes. An ultrasonic diagnostic probe is described which is capable of performing ultrasonic imaging and Doppler measurement consisting of: The phenomenon of Doppler.

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The book is devoted to the life and work of Christian Doppler and particularly to his links to Prague and to the Slovak town of Banska Stiavnica. Many historical facts concerning Doppler 's activities as well as the history of physics and astronomy are collected. The publication is amply supplemented with historical pictorial material M. Doppler radar physiological sensing. Presents a comprehensive description of the theory and practical implementation of Doppler radar-based physiological monitoring. This book includes an overview of current physiological monitoring techniques and explains the fundamental technology used in remote non-contact monitoring methods.

Basic radio wave propagation and radar principles are introduced along with the fundamentals of physiological motion and measurement. Specific design and implementation considerations for physiological monitoring radar systems are then discussed in detail. The authors address current research and commercial development of Doppler radar based physiological monitoring for healthcare and other applications. Doppler ion program description.

The Doppler spectrometer is a conventional Czerny-Turner grating spectrometer with a channel multiple detector. Light is dispersed across the detector, and its output yields a spectrum covering approximately A. The width of the spectral peak is directly proportional to the temperature of the emitting ions, and determination of the impurity ion temperature allows one to infer the plasma ion temperature.

This book is a practitioner's guide to all aspects of pulse Doppler radar. It concentrates on airborne military radar systems since they are the most used, most complex, and most interesting of the pulse Doppler radars; however, ground-based and non-military systems are also included. It covers the fundamental science, signal processing, hardware issues, systems design and case studies of typical systems.

It will be a useful resource for engineers of all types hardware, software and systems , academics, post-graduate students, scientists in radar and radar electronic warfare sectors and milit. Doppler evaluation of valvular stenosis. One of the reasons why use of Doppler echocardiography is growing rapidly is because of its utility in detecting the presence of valvular stenosis and in estimating its severity. Detection of the presence of stenotic valvular heart disease using Doppler echocardiography was originally described over 10 years ago.

It has been demonstrated that Doppler blood velocity data could be used to estimate the severity of a stenotic lesion. This chapter discusses the evaluation of valvular stenois using Doppler. We propose a possible ultra-high energy resolution backscattering spectrometer optimized to spallation neutron source. A combination of multi monochromator crystal and Doppler drive provides considerable neutron flux, together with the reasonable energy range Scanning laser Doppler vibrometry. With a Scanning Laser Doppler Vibrometer SLDV a vibrating surface is automatically scanned over predefined grid points, and data processed for displaying vibration properties like mode shapes, natural frequencies, damping ratios, and operational deflection shapes.

Tokai Research Establishment; Shibata, K. A combination of multi monochromator crystal and Doppler drive provides considerable neutron flux, together with the reasonable energy range Laser doppler perfusion imaging. Recording of tissue perfusion is important in assessing the influence of peripheral vascular diseases on the microcirculation. This thesis reports on a laser doppler perfusion imager based on dynamic light scattering in tissue. When a low power He-Ne laser beam sequentally scans the tissue, moving blood cells generate doppler components in the back-scattered light.

A fraction of this light is detected by a photodetector and converted into an electrical signal. In the processor, a signal proportional to the tissue perfusion at each measurement site is calculated and stored. When the scanning procedure is completed, a color-coded perfusion image is presented on a monitor. To convert important aspects of the perfusion image into more quantitative parameters, data analysis functions are implemented in the software. A theory describing the dependence of the distance between individual measurement points and detector on the system amplification factor is proposed and correction algorithms are presented.

The performance of the laser doppler perfusion imager was evaluated using a flow simulator. A linear relationship between processor output signal and flow through the simulator was demonstrated for blood cell concentrations below 0. The perfusion imager has been used in the clinic to study perfusion changes in port wine stains treated with argon laser and to investigate the intensity and extension of the cutaneous axon reflex response after electrical nerve stimulation. The fact that perfusion can be visualized without touching the tissue implies elimination of sterilization problems, thus simplifying clinical investigations of perfusion in association with diagnosis and treatment of peripheral vascular diseases.

Principles of doppler tomography. This paper shows how the radon transform can be used to determine vector fields. A scheme to determine the velocity field of a moving fluid by measurements with a continuous doppler signal is suggested. When the flow is confined to a bounded domain, as is the case in most applications, it can be uniquely decomposed into one gradiental and one rotational part.

The former vanishes if the fluid is incompressible and source-free, and the latter can be completely reconstructed by the methods proposed in this paper if the domain is simply connected. Special attention is paid to laminar flow in a long cylindrical vessel with circular cross-section.

Under such conditions the flow profile becomes parabolic, which makes the vessel recognizable as a typical 'N-shaped' pattern in an image describing the rotation of the velocity field. The vessel yields the same doppler tomographic pattern, no matter how it is sectioned. The ideas presented should be applicable also when studying the flow in blood vessels, even if the flow profile in these is not quite parabolic. The discrepancies only make the 'N-shape' somewhat distorted.

This paper presents a new implementation of an echo-ranging FM Doppler system with improved performance, relative to the FM Doppler system reported previously. The use of long sweeps provides a significant reduction in peak to average power ratio compared to pulsed wave PW emission. In the FM Doppler systems, a similar relationship exists in the spectral domain of the demodulated received signals, so that range is represented by frequency.

Thus, a shift in location The improvement relative to the earlier version of the FM Doppler system is attained by utilizing cross-correlation of real spectra rather than of magnitude spectra for assessing flow velocity Deconvoluting double Doppler spectra. The successful deconvolution of data from double Doppler broadening of annihilation radiation D-DBAR spectroscopy is a promising area of endeavour aimed at producing momentum distributions of a quality comparable to those of the angular correlation technique.

The deconvolution procedure we test in the present study is the constrained generalized least square method. Trials with computer simulated DDBAR spectra are generated and deconvoluted in order to find the best form of regularizer and the regularization parameter. For these trials the Neumann reflective boundary condition is used to give a single matrix operation in Fourier space. Experimental D-DBAR spectra are also subject to the same type of deconvolution after having carried out a background subtraction and using a symmetrize resolution function obtained from an 85 Sr source with wide coincidence windows.

Adaptive Spectral Doppler Estimation. The methods can also provide better quality of the estimated power spectral density PSD of the blood signal. Adaptive spectral estimation techniques are known to pro- vide good spectral resolution and contrast even when the ob- servation window is very short.

The 2 adaptive techniques are tested In this paper, 2 adaptive spectral estimation techniques are analyzed for spectral Doppler ultrasound. The purpose is to minimize the observation window needed to estimate the spectrogram to provide a better temporal resolution and gain more flexibility when designing the data acquisition sequence The blood power spectral capon BPC method is based on a standard minimum variance technique adapted to account for both averaging over slow-time and depth. Cribado de preeclampsia con estudio doppler de las arterias uterinas.

Transversal Doppler -Fizeau effect. The relativistic calculation of the Doppler -Fizeau effect foresees a second grade redshift due to the proper time dilation of a moving object. The relevance of this relativistic effect on astrophysical observation is discussed, herein. Dual- Doppler Feasibility Study. When two or more Doppler weather radar systems are monitoring the same region, the Doppler velocities can be combined to form a three-dimensional 3-D wind vector field thus providing for a more intuitive analysis of the wind field.

A real-time display of the 3-D winds can assist forecasters in predicting the onset of convection and severe weather. The data can also be used to initialize local numerical weather prediction models. Dual- Doppler applications were considered by the 45 SW in choosing the site for the new radar. This study investigated technical, hardware, and software requirements necessary to enable the establishment of a dual- Doppler capability. Review of the available literature pertaining to the dual- Doppler technique and consultation with experts revealed that the physical locations and resulting beam crossing angles of the 45 SW and NWS MLB radars make them ideally suited for a dual- Doppler capability.

The dual- Doppler equations were derived to facilitate complete understanding of dual- Doppler synthesis; to determine the technical information requirements; and to determine the components of wind velocity from the equation of continuity and radial velocity data collected by the two Doppler radars. Analysis confirmed the suitability of the existing systems to provide the desired capability.

Glare Spot Phase Doppler Anemometry. International audience; The Phase Doppler anemometry has been developed to measure simultaneously the velocity and the size of droplets. The study tries to achieve a multimodal registration between a transcranial sonography TCS and a cerebral magnetic resonance volume. After the registration stage, a statistical analysis of each brain matter white matter, gray matter and cerebrospinal fluid was performed to demonstrate the Doppler echocardiography in pediatric cardiology.

Congenital heart disease encompasses abnormalities in cardiac development which generally have in common either valve stenoses or connections between chambers or great vessels. Usually, abnormalities of intracardiac anatomy, and often, abnormalities of great vessel anatomy, can be unraveled by two-dimensional echocardiography.

However, echocardiography offers little information regarding flow characteristics in the various congenital lesions. Addition of the Doppler principle, particularly when combined with the two-dimensional examination, can characterize the source of a flow disturbance, quantify gradients across a site of obstruction, and quantify flow volume across sites where flow is nonturbulent.

These features make Doppler echocardiography unique for noninvasive accurate evaluation of children and adults with various forms of congenital heart disease. In this report, the authors discuss some of the present uses of Doppler echocardiography in congenital heart disease. Application of this technique requires greater understanding of certain physics principles than does routine echocardiography.

Doppler broadening of cross sections. Descriptions of Fortran sub-routines, which calculate broadened cross-sections in accordance with the derived formulae, are included. Anomalous Doppler effects in bulk phononic crystal. Doppler effects in simple cubic phononic crystal are studied theoretically and numerically. In addition to observing Doppler shifts from a moving source's frequencies inside the gap, we find that Doppler shifts can be multi-order, anisotropic, and the dominant order of shift depends on the band index that the source's frequency is in.

Spatial weighting of Doppler reactivity feedback. The spatial weighting of the local Doppler feedback implicit in the determination of the core Doppler feedback reactivity has been investigated. Using a detailed planar PDQ7-II PWR model with local fuel-temperature feedback, the core Doppler spatial weight factor, S, has been determined for various control patterns and power levels. Assuming power-squared weighting of the local Doppler feedback, a simple analytic expression for S has been derived and, based on comparison with the PDQ7-II results, provides a convenient and accurate representation of the Doppler spatial weight factor.

The sensitivity of these results to variations in the fuel rod heat transfer coefficients, fuel loading and the magnitude of the Doppler coefficient has also been evaluated. The dependence of the local Doppler coefficient on moderator temperature, boron concentration and control rod density has been determined and found to be weak. Selected comparisons with vendor analyses have been made and indicate general agreement. Doppler tomography in fusion plasmas and astrophysics. Doppler tomography is a well-known method in astrophysics to image the accretion flow, often in the shape of thin discs, in compact binary stars.

As accretion discs rotate, all emitted line radiation is Doppler -shifted. In either case, spectra of Doppler -shifted line emission are sensitive to the velocity distribution of the emitters. Astrophysical Doppler tomography has lead to images of accretion discs of binaries revealing bright Measurement of ventricular function using Doppler ultrasound. Doppler has wide application in the evaluation of valvular heart disease. The need to know ventricular function is a much more common reason for an echocardiographic evaluation.

Interestingly, Doppler examinations can assess ventricular function from many perspectives. Description of ventricular function entails measurement of the timing, rate and volume of ventricular filling and ejection. Doppler ultrasound examination reveals all of these aspects of ventricular function noninvasively, simply, and without great expense or radiation exposure, as described in this chapter.

Currently, the NJOY code is used for construction and Doppler broadening of microscopic cross sections. There exist several methods or formalisms to produce microscopic cross sections and there are also different methods of Doppler broadening. The conventional method requires Doppler broadening of all resonances, including resonances far from the target energy point, which do not change much with respect to the temperature change.

The energy window concept makes Doppler broadening possible with a smaller number of resonances neighboring to the energy point we are interested in, and just adds up 0 K temperature cross sections of other resonances. The energy window concept was applied only for the 1st resonance energy region 4. The energy window concept demonstrates high competitiveness because the relative differences were less than 0. Direct Doppler auscultation of the carotid arteries. The results of the carotid Doppler examinations and contrast arteriograms are presented. The Phase Doppler anemometry has been developed to measure simultaneously the velocity and the size of droplets.

In this case, the images of the particle formed by the reflected and refracted light, known as glare spots, are separated in space. When a particle passes in the probe volume, the two parts in a signal obtained by a detector in forward direction are then separated in time. If two detectors are used the phase differences between two signals, the distance and the intensity ratio of reflected and refracted parts can be obtained and they provide rich information about the particle diameter and its refractive index, as well as its velocity.

This paper is devoted to the numerical study of such a configuration with two theoretical models: Radar Doppler Processing with Nonuniform Sampling. This is for the convenience of t he processing. Estimating the Doppler centroid of SAR data. The time-domain algorithms are shown to be extremely efficient with respect to requirements on calculations and memory, and hence they are well suited to real-time systems where the Doppler estimation is based on raw SAR After reviewing frequency-domain techniques for estimating the Doppler centroid of synthetic-aperture radar SAR data, the author describes a time-domain method and highlights its advantages.

In particular, a nonlinear time-domain algorithm called the sign- Doppler estimator SDE is shown to have However, for nonhomogeneous scenes it is found Color doppler sonography in thickened gallbladder wall. The thickening of the gallbladder wall is a valuable finding for the diagnosis of cholecystitis, but may be seen in non-cholecystic disease as well as in acute or chronic cholecystitis.

The purpose of this study is to determine the value of color Doppler sonography in differentiating the causes of thickened gallbladder wall. Ninety eight patients with thickened gallbladder wall more than 3mm which was not due to gallbladder cancer were prospectively evaluated with color Doppler sonography. Sixty-six cases, confirmed by pathologic reports and clinical records, were analyzed for correlation between thickened gallbladder wall and color flow signal according to the underlying causes. Of the 66 patients, 28 cases were cholecystitis and 38 cases had non-cholecystic causes such as liver cirrhosis, ascites, hepatitis, pancreatitis, renal failure, and hypoalbuminemia.

No significant difference of color Doppler flow signals was found between cases of acute and chronic cholecystitis. Of the 23 patients with color Doppler flow signals in 28 cases of cholecystitis, 18 In cholecystitis, a linear color Doppler flow signal pattern is a much more frequent finding than a spotty pattern. Color Doppler sonography is a useful and adequate method for determining whether a thickened gallbladder wall is the result of cholecystitis or has non-cholecystic causes.

Color doppler imaging of subclavian steal phenomenon. To evaluate the characteristic color doppler imaging of vertebral artery flow in the subclavian steal phenomenon. The study group consisted of eight patients with reversed vertebral artery flow proved by color Doppler imaging. We classified this flow into two groups: Vertebral angiography was performed in six of eight patients;color Doppler imaging and angiographic findings were compared.

On color Doppler imaging, all eight cases with reversed vertebral artery flow showed no signal at the proximal subclavian or brachiocephalic artery. We confirmed shunting of six cases by performing angiography from the contralateral vertebral and basilar artery to the ipsilateral vertebral artery. On the Doppler spectrum, six cases showed complete reversal and two partial reversal.

On angiography, one partial reversal case showed complete occlusion of the subclavian artery with abundant collateral circulation of muscular branches of the vertebral artery. On color Doppler imaging, a reversed vertebral artery suggests the subclavian steal phenomenon. In particular, partial reversal waveform may reflect collateral circulation. Patient-exposure data for doppler ultrasound.

In recent years ultrasound imaging and Doppler blood flow measurements have become important tools for use in diagnostic medicine. Commercial pulse-echo imaging equipment was first introduced into commerce in The first commercial continuous wave Doppler unit was introduced to the marketplace in As equipment improved and applications developed, the industry experienced rapid growth in the s. One of the more recent growth areas in the application of diagnostic ultrasound has been the use of pulsed Doppler equipment for cardiac applications.

Prior to , some continuous wave Doppler ultrasound was used for cardiovascular diagnosis. However, only a single manufacturer marketed a pulsed Doppler clinical instrument for cardiac or peripheral vascular diagnosis. Currently, many continuous wave and pulsed Doppler instruments are commercially available for both peripheral vascular and cardiac diagnosis.

This chapter 1 briefly reviews current safety guidelines, regulations, and recommendations for diagnostic ultrasound; 2 discusses the patient-exposure intensities associated with Doppler ultrasound medical equipment and compare these levels of exposure with intensities from other medical ultrasound devices; and 3 considers some of the current information as it relates to the safety of diagnostic ultrasound.

Personal experience on 71 consecutive patients with acute cholecystitis; Esperienza personale in settantuno pazienti consecutivi con colecistite acuta. Federico 2, Neaples Italy. Nell'arco di tempo di 16 mesi, 71 pazienti consecutivi 42 femmine e 29 maschi con eta' compresa tra 34 e 84 anni, eta' media 58 anni con sintomatologia addominale acuta sono stati operati per colecistite acuta presso l'Azienda Ospedaliera A. L' esame diretto dell'addome e' stato eseguito in 65 casi su 71, l' ecografia addominale in 69 e la TC in 6. All'esame ecografico sono stati ricercati: All'esame TC dell'addome sono stati ricercati: Con l'indagine diretta dell'addome sono stati identificati i seguenti reperti: L' ecografia rappresenta la metodica di scelta nello studio della colecistite acuta giacche' consente nella maggioranza dei casi di formulare la diagnosi definitiva.

La TC riveste un ruolo trascurabile nella valutazione iniziale dei pazienti con colecistite acuta. Essa puo' essere utile nei casi dubbi di colecistite acuta o di discrepanza clinico-ecografica oppure nelle forme complicate.

Full Text Available Doppler radar observations have revealed a class of atmospheric vortices tropical cyclones, tornadoes, dust devils that possess elliptical radar reflectivity signatures. One famous example is Typhoon Herb that maintained its elliptical reflectivity structure over a hour period. Theoretical work and dual- Doppler analyses of observed tropical cyclones have suggested two physical mechanisms that can explain the formation of two types of elliptical vortices observed in nature, namely, the combination of a circular vortex with either a wavenumber two vortex Rossby wave or a deformation field.

The characteristics of these two types of elliptical vortices and their corresponding Doppler velocity signatures have not been previously examined. Preliminary simulation study of doppler reflectometry. A preliminary simulation study of Doppler reflectometry is performed. The simulations solve Maxwell's equations by a finite difference time domain FDTD code method in two dimensions.

A moving corrugated metal target is used as a plasma cutoff layer to study the basic features of Doppler reflectometry. We examined the effects of the full width at half maximum FWHM of the electromagnetic waves and the corrugation depth of the metal target. Furthermore, the effect of a nonuniform plasma is studied using this FDTD analysis.

The Doppler shift and velocity are compared with those obtained from FDTD analysis of a uniform plasma. Noncoherent Doppler tracking has been devised as a means to achieve highly accurate, two-way Doppler measurements with a simple, transceiver-based communications system. It also examines the advantages that noncoherent Doppler tracking and a transceiver-based system may offer to small satellite systems, including reduced cost, mass, and power. Doppler coefficient measurements in Zebra Core 5.

Measurements using a central hot loop in Zebra Core 5 are described. The small positive Doppler coefficient calculated for Pu was not observed, and two measurements indicated instead a small negative effect. The results from the empty loop and non-fissile assemblies indicate either a small negative Doppler effect in steel or alternatively the presence of an unexplained expansion effect. Applications of Doppler in the first trimester. Fifty patients have been studied by duplex Doppler US imaging in the first trimester. In normal gestations, luteal flow, characterized by a low pulsatility index PI , can be seen in at least one ovary.

Failure to detect luteal flow indicates a nonviable pregnancy. Six ectopic pregnancies demonstrated luteal flow and extrauterine heartbeat, detected by Doppler US. High PI values in the uterine artery are seen in the first trimester. Low PI values in the uterine arteries were found in patients with trophoblastic disease. De- Dopplerization of Acoustic Measurements. Ultrasonography with color Doppler and power Doppler in the diagnosis of periapical lesions. To evaluate the efficacy of ultrasonography USG with color Doppler and power Doppler applications over conventional radiography in the diagnosis of periapical lesions.

Thirty patients having inflammatory periapical lesions of the maxillary or mandibular anterior teeth and requiring endodontic surgery were selected for inclusion in this study. All patients consented to participate in the study.

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We used conventional periapical radiographs as well as USG with color Doppler and power Doppler for the diagnosis of these lesions. Their diagnostic performances were compared against histopathologic examination. All data were compared and statistically analyzed. In comparison, conventional intraoral radiography identified only 21 lesions sensitivity of There was definite correlation between the echotexture of the lesions and the histopathological features except in one case.

USG imaging with color Doppler and power Doppler is superior to conventional intraoral radiographic methods for diagnosing the nature of periapical lesions in the anterior jaws. This study reveals the potential of USG examination in the study of other jaw lesions. Full Text Available Aim: Doppler -guided retrograde catheterization system. The purpose of this study was to investigate a Doppler guided catheterization system as an adjunctive or alternative methodology to overcome the disadvantages of left heart catheterization and angiography.

These disadvantages include the biological effects of radiation and the toxic and volume effects of iodine contrast. Doppler retrograde guidance uses a 20 MHz circular pulsed Doppler crystal incorporated into the tip of a triple lumen multipurpose catheter and is advanced retrogradely using the directional flow information provided by the Doppler waveform. In a physiologic flow model of the human aortic arch, multiple data points revealed a positive wave form when flow was traveling toward the catheter tip indicating proper alignment for retrograde advancement.

There was a negative wave form when flow was traveling away from the catheter tip if the catheter was in a branch or bent upon itself indicating improper catheter tip position for retrograde advancement. In a series of six dogs, the catheter was able to be accurately advanced from the femoral artery to the left ventricular chamber under Doppler signal guidance without the use of x-ray. The potential applications of a Doppler guided retrograde catheterization system include decreasing time requirements and allowing safer catheter guidance in patients with atherosclerotic vascular disease and suspected aortic dissection.

The Doppler system may allow left ventricular pressure monitoring in the intensive care unit without the need for x-ray and it may allow left sided contrast echocardiography. A modification of the Doppler catheter may include transponder technology which would allow precise catheter tip localization once the. MP3 compression of Doppler ultrasound signals. The effect of lossy, MP3 compression on spectral parameters derived from Doppler ultrasound US signals was investigated. Compression was tested on signals acquired from two sources: A total of 11, s acquisitions of Doppler US signal were collected from each source at three sites in a flow phantom.

Doppler signals were digitized at Doppler spectra were characterized by peak velocity, mean velocity, spectral width, integrated power and ratio of spectral power between negative and positive velocities. The results suggest that MP3 compression on digital Doppler US signals is feasible at kbps, with a resulting Higher compression ratios led to significant differences for both signal sources when compared with the uncompressed signals.

Editorial special issue on "Laser Doppler vibrometry". The invention of the laser in has opened up many opportunities in the field of measurement science and technology. Just a few years after the invention of the laser, a novel fluid flow measurement technique based on the Doppler effect was introduced: The technique enabled fluid velocity measurement by using the light of a He-Ne beam which was scattered by very small polystyrene spheres entrained in the fluid.

Later on, in the late nineteen seventees it was recognized that the detection of the Doppler frequency shift that occurs when light is scattered by a moving surface can also be used to measure the vibration velocity of an object. The instrument to perform these vibration measurements was called the laser Doppler vibrometer or LDV [2]. In the last decades several technological advances were made in the field of laser Doppler vibrometry. The result is that nowadays, velocity measurements of fluids using LDA and vibrating objects using LDV are performed in many challenging applications in different fields microelectronics, civil structures, biomedical engineering, material science, etc.

Development of the doppler electron velocimeter: Measurement of dynamic events at the nano-scale is currently impossible. This paper presents the theoretical underpinnings of a method for making these measurements using electron microscopes. Building on the work of Moellenstedt and Lichte who demonstrated Doppler shifting of an electron beam with a moving electron mirror, further work is proposed to perfect and utilize this concept in dynamic measurements. Specifically, using the concept of ''fringe-counting'' with the current principles of transmission electron holography, an extension of these methods to dynamic measurements is proposed.

A presentation of the theory of Doppler electron wave shifting is given, starting from the development of the de Broglie wave, up through the equations describing interference effects and Doppler shifting in electron waves. A mathematical demonstration that Doppler shifting is identical to the conceptually easier to understand idea of counting moving fringes is given by analogy to optical interferometry. Finally, potential developmental experiments and uses of a Doppler electron microscope are discussed. Arm locking with Doppler estimation errors. One of the proposed laser frequency stabilization techniques in LISA is arm locking.

Arm locking uses an adequately filtered linear combination of the LISA arm signals as a frequency reference. During these experiments we also discovered a problem associated with the Doppler shift of the return beam. The initial arm locking publications assumed that this Doppler shift can perfectly be subtracted inside the phasemeter or adds an insignificant offset to the sensor signal.

However, the remaining Doppler knowledge error will cause a constant change in the laser frequency if unaccounted for. Several ways to circumvent this problem have been identified. We performed detailed simulations and started preliminary experiments to verify the performance of the proposed new controller designs. Inline Ultrasonic Rheometry by Pulsed Doppler. This will be a discussion of the non-invasive determination of the viscosity of a non-Newtonian fluid in laminar pipe flow over the range of shear rates present in the pipe.

The procedure used requires knowledge of the flow profile in and the pressure drop along a long straight run of pipe. The profile is determined by using a pulsed ultrasonic Doppler velocimeter. This approach is ideal for making non-invasive, real-time measurements for monitoring and control. Rheograms of a shear thinning, thixotropic gel will be presented. The operating parameters and limitations of the Doppler -based instrument will be discussed.

The most significant limitation is velocity gradient broadening of the Doppler spectra near the walls of the pipe. This limitation can be significant for strongly shear thinning fluids depending also on the ratio of beam to pipe diameter and the transducer's insertion angle. Molecules cooled below the Doppler limit. Magneto-optical trapping and sub- Doppler cooling have been essential to most experiments with quantum degenerate gases, optical lattices, atomic fountains and many other applications.

A broad set of new applications await ultracold molecules, and the extension of laser cooling to molecules has begun. A magneto-optical trap MOT has been demonstrated for a single molecular species, SrF, but the sub- Doppler temperatures required for many applications have not yet been reached. These ultracold molecules could be loaded into optical tweezers to trap arbitrary arrays for quantum simulation, launched into a molecular fountain for testing fundamental physics, and used to study collisions and chemistry between atoms and molecules at ultracold temperatures.

The wide angle Michelson Doppler imaging interferometer WAMDII is a specialized type of optical Michelson interferometer working at sufficiently long path difference to measure Doppler shifts and to infer Doppler line widths of naturally occurring upper atmospheric Gaussian line emissions.

The instrument is intended to measure vertical profiles of atmospheric winds and temperatures within the altitude range of 85 km to km. Narrow band filters in a filter wheel are used to isolate individual line emissions and the lens forms an image of the emitting region on the charge coupled device array. Evaluation with Doppler Ultrasonography. To compare Doppler ultrasonography with laboratory tests in evaluation of diabetic nephropathy.

Resistive indices were compared with degree of proteinuria, serum creatinine level, and creatinine clearance rate. Eighteen patients who showed no proteinuria or microscopic proteinuria had a mean resistive index RI of 0. Renal Doppler ultrasonography provides a useful indication of renal function in diabetic nephropathy but cannot offer an advantage over conventional laboratory test.

Gallblader varices in children with portal cavernoma: To determine the prevalence of varices in the gallbladder wall, observed by duplex- Doppler and color Doppler ultrasound, in children with cavernoma of the portal vein. Nineteen patients with portal hypertension were studied prospectively by duplex- Doppler and color Doppler ultrasound: The presence of peri vesicular varices was assessed in the group of patients with portal cavernoma.

The varices appeared as anechoic and serpiginous areas, and Doppler ultrasound revealed slowed venous flow. However, the three patients in whom gallbldder varices were not detected presented collateral gastric ciculation and spontaneous splenorenal shunt. Gallbladder varices are common in children with portal vein cavernoma; they present hepatopetal flow. Their developments is not related to the size of the portal cavernoma, the presence of spontaneous portosystemic shunts, or endoscopic obliteration of gastric and esophageal varices.

The detection of gallbladder varices in patients with portal hypertension who are to undergo biliary surgery is highly important for the surgeon, helping to avoid perioperative complications. Proposed protocols for peripheral and renal Doppler. A literature review was performed in order to prepare a summary of the important concepts of Doppler and applications in peripheral vascular evaluation and renal. The normal characteristics are summarized and explained in each vascular system and diagnostic criteria of the disorders frequently encountered in practice.

Requested more studies have been identified and proposed protocols and report sheets have been developed to standardize the methodology of realization of several Doppler studies. The variability between operators has been treated to reduce as much as possible and follow-up studies have provided in patients who need. The authors searched all National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — A method to detect the bright-band snow level from radar reflectivity and Doppler vertical velocity data collection with an atmospheric profiling Doppler radar.

ISAR imaging using the instantaneous range instantaneous Doppler method. Comparison of power Doppler and color Doppler ultrasonography in the detection of intrasticular blood flow of normal infants. To compare color Doppler ultrasonography US and power Doppler US in the detection of intratesticular blood flow in normal infants and to asses the symmetry of blood flow.

Testicular blood flow was assessed prospectively in testes of 50 infants with both power and color Doppler US. We compared the power Doppler with color Doppler to detect intratesticular blood. When the flow was detected, intratesticular blood flow was graded as follows: The symmetry of intratesticular flow was assessed by using the same method. On power Doppler US, grade 1 was seen in 40 tests and grade 2 in 32 testes. On color Doppler US, grade 1 was noted in 52 testes and grade 2 in 16 testes. Testicular blood flow was symmetric on both power and color Doppler US in each patient.

There was no difference between power Doppler and color Doppler ultrasonography in detecting intratesticular blood flow in normal infants. Implementation and start-up of a quality control program in ultrasonography.

A multidisciplinary work; Implementacion y puesta en marcha de un programa de control de calidad en ecografia. The Department of Medical Physics and Radiation Protection, in collaboration with the Department of Radiodiagnostics of the Central University Hospital of Asturias, has developed and implemented a quality control program in B-mode and Doppler ultrasound.

This paper presents the quality control protocol that has been developed and describes the phantoms used and the tests that have been carried out. We also present the results obtained after the program's first year of implementation and the conclusions drawn from the experience: Close collaboration between radiologists and physicists is essential to optimize control conditions, which must match conditions found in clinical practice as accurately as possible. Transcranial Doppler velocimetry in aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage.

A total of measurements divided on examination sets were conducted by four Duplex ultrasound is considered as the Complex regression Doppler optical coherence tomography. We introduce a new method to measure Doppler shifts more accurately and extend the dynamic range of Doppler optical coherence tomography OCT. The two-point estimate of the conventional Doppler method is replaced with a regression that is applied to high-density B-scans in polar coordinates.

We built a high-speed OCT system using a 1. Flow phantom experiments confirm that the complex regression lowers the minimum detectable velocity from Complex regression Doppler OCT also demonstrates higher accuracy and precision compared with the conventional method, particularly when signal-to-noise ratio is low.

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The extended dynamic range allows monitoring of blood flow over several stages of development in embryos without adjusting the imaging parameters. In addition, applying complex averaging recovers hidden features in structural images. Full Text Available Over the last decade vehicle-to-vehicle V2V communication has received a lot of attention as it is a crucial issue in intravehicle communication as well as in Intelligent Transportation System ITS. In ITS the focus is placed on integration of communication between mobile and fixed infrastructure to execute road safety as well as nonsafety information dissemination.

The safety application such as emergence alerts lays emphasis on low-latency packet delivery rate PDR, whereas multimedia and infotainment call for high data rates at low bit error rate BER. The nonsafety information includes multimedia streaming for traffic information and infotainment applications such as playing audio content, utilizing navigation for driving, and accessing Internet.

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